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by A. L. Mayhew and Walter W. Skeat

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Title: A Concise Dictionary of Middle English
       From A.D. 1150 To 1580

Author: A. L. Mayhew and Walter W. Skeat

Release Date: January 7, 2004 [EBook #10625]

Language: English

Character set encoding: ASCII

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     [ Note from the Project Gutenberg post-processor:

     This book uses a variety of special characters, some of which are
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     A deg. (eth) and A3/4/Az (thorn/Thorn) are as-is. Yough is represented as the
     two-character sequence 3*.

     The special characters A|/A (ae/AE) do not have accented forms in
     the standard text font, so when accented have been written as A|*
     and A*.

     Long marks over Latin vowels have been marked as u*, etc.

     End-of-line hyphens present a significant problem in this book, as
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[Illustration]

A CONCISE DICTIONARY OF

MIDDLE ENGLISH

_MAYHEW AND SKEAT_

A CONCISE DICTIONARY OF MIDDLE ENGLISH FROM A.D. 1150 TO 1580


BY THE

REV. A. L. MAYHEW, M.A.  OF WADHAM COLLEGE, OXFORD

AND THE

REV. WALTER W. SKEAT LITT.D.; LL.D. EDIN.; M.A. OXON.  ELRINGTON AND
BOSWORTH PROFESSOR OF ANGLO-SAXON IN THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

"These our Ancient Words here set down, I trust will for this time
satisfie the Reader.--R. VERSTEGAN, _Restitution of Decayed
Intelligence_, ch. vii (at the end)

"Authentic words be given, or none!"  WORDSWORTH, _Lines on
Macpherson's Ossian_


MDCCCLXXXVIII

PREFACE

(BY PROFESSOR SKEAT.)

The present work is intended to meet, in some measure, the
requirements of those who wish to make some study of Middle-English,
and who find a difficulty in obtaining such assistance as will enable
them to find out the meanings and etymologies of the words most
essential to their purpose.

The best Middle-English Dictionary, that by Dr. MAtzner of Berlin, has
only reached the end of the letter H; and it is probable that it will
not be completed for many years. The only Middle-English Dictionary
that has been carried on to the end of the alphabet is that by the
late Dr. Stratmann, of Krefeld. This is a valuable work, and is
indispensable for the more advanced student. However, the present work
will still supply a deficiency, as it differs from Stratmann's
Dictionary in many particulars. We have chosen as our Main Words,
where possible, the most typical of the forms or spellings of the
period of Chaucer and Piers Plowman; in Stratmann, on the other hand,
the form chosen as Main Word is generally the oldest form in which it
appears, frequently one of the twelfth century. Moreover, with regard
to authorities, we refer in the case of the great majority of our
forms to a few, cheap, easily accessible works, whereas Stratmann's
authorities are mainly the numerous and expensive publications of the
Early English Text Society. Lastly, we have paid special attention to
the French element in Middle-English, whereas Stratmann is somewhat
deficient in respect of words of French origin [Footnote 1: A new and
thoroughly revised edition of Stratmann's Dictionary is being prepared
by Mr. Henry Bradley, for the Delegates of the Clarendon Press.] The
book which has generally been found of most assistance to the learner
is probably Halliwell's Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words;
but this is not specially confined to the Middle-English period, and
the plan of it differs in several respects from that of the present
work.

The scope of this volume will be best understood by an explanation of
the circumstances that gave rise to it. Some useful and comparatively
inexpensive volumes illustrative of the Middle-English period have
been issued by the Clarendon Press; all of which are furnished with
glossaries, explaining all the important words, with exact references
to the passages wherein the words occur. In particular, the three
useful hand-books containing Specimens of English (from 1150 down to
1580) together supply no less than sixty-seven characteristic extracts
from the most important literary monuments of this period; and the
three glossaries to these books together fill more than 370 pages of
closely-printed type in double columns. The idea suggested itself that
it would be highly desirable to bring the very useful information thus
already collected _under one alphabet_, and this has now been
effected. At the same time, a reference has in every case been
carefully given to the _particular_ Glossarial Index which
registers each form here cited, so that it is perfectly easy for any
one who consults our book to refer, not merely to the particular Index
thus noted, but to the references given in that Index; and so, by
means of such references, to find every passage referred to, with its
proper context. Moreover the student only requires, for this purpose,
a small array of the text-books in the Clarendon Press Series, instead
of a more or less complete set of editions of Middle-English texts,
the possession of which necessitates a considerable outlay of
money. By this plan, so great a _compression_ of information has
been achieved, that a large number of the articles give a summary such
as can be readily expanded to a considerable length, by the exercise
of a very little trouble; and thus the work is practically as full of
material as if it had been three or four times its present size. A
couple of examples will shew* what this really means.

At p. 26 is the following entry:--

'~Bi-heste~, _sb_. promise, S, S2, C2, P; ~byheste~,
S2; ~beheste~, S2; ~byhest~, S2; ~bihese~, S;
~biheest~, W; ~bihese~, _pl_., S.--AS. _be-hA|*s_.'

By referring to the respective indexes here cited, such as S
(=Glossary to Specimens of English, Part I), and the like, we easily
expand this article into the following:--

'~Bi-heste~, _sb_. promise, S (9. 19); S2 (I _a_. 184);
C2 (B37, 41, 42, F 698); P (3. 126); ~byheste~, S2 (18
_b_. 25); ~beheste~, S2 (14 _a_. 3); ~byhest~, S2
(12. 57, 18 _b_. 9, [where it may also be explained by
_grant_]); ~bihese~, S (where it is used as a plural);
~biheest~, W (promise, command, Lk. xxiv. 49, Rom. iv. 13;
pl. _biheestis_, Heb. xi. 13); ~bihese~, S
(_pl_. behests, promises, 4 _d_. 55).--AS. _behA|*s_'

In order to exhibit the full meaning of this--which requires no
further explanation to those who have in hand the books denoted by S,
S2, &c.--it would be necessary to print the article at considerable
length, as follows:--

'~Biheste~, _sb_. promise; "dusi _biheste_" a foolish
promise, (extract from) Ancren Riwle, l. 19; "and wel lute wule hulde
A3/4e _biheste_ A3/4at he nom," (extract from) Robert of Gloucester,
l. 184; "holdeth your _bAheste_," Chaucer, Introd. to Man of
Law's Prologue, l. 37; "_biheste_ is dette," same, l. 41; "al my
_biheste_" same, l. 42; "or breken his _biheste_" Chaucer,
sequel to Squieres Tale, l. 698; "A3/4orw fals _biheste_," Piers
Plowman, Text B, Pass. iii, l. 126; "to vol-vulle (fulfil) A3/4at
_byheste_" Trevisa (extract from), lib. vi. cap. 29, l. 25; "the
lond of promyssioun, or of _beheste_," Prol. to Mandeville's
Travels, l. 3; "wiA3/4 fair _by-hest_," William and the Werwolf,
l. 57; "A3/4e _byhest_ (promise, _or_ grant) of oA3/4ere menne
kyngdom," Trevisa, lib. vi. cap. 29, l. 9; "y schal sende the
_biheest_ of my fadir in-to 3*ou," Wyclif, Luke xxiv. 49; "not bi
the lawe is _biheest_ to Abraham," Wycl. Rom. iv. 13; "whanne the
_biheestis_ weren not takun," Wycl. Heb.  xi. 13; "longenge to
godes _bihese_" Old Eng. Homilies, Dominica iv. post Pascha,
l. 55.'

We thus obtain fifteen excellent examples of the use of this word,
with the full context and an exact reference (easily verified) in
every case.  And, in the above instance, all the quotations lie within
the compass of the eleven texts in the Clarendon Press Series denoted,
respectively, by S, S2, S3, C, C2, C3, W, W2, P, H, and G.

The original design was to make use of these text-books only; but it
was so easy to extend it by including examples to be obtained from
other Glossaries and Dictionaries, that a considerable selection of
interesting words was added from these, mainly for the sake of
illustrating the words in the Clarendon text-books. These illustrative
words can be fully or partially verified by those who happen to
possess all or some of the works cited, or they can safely be taken on
trust, as really occurring there, any mistake being due to such
authority.

A second example will make this clearer. '~Brant~,
_adj_. steep, high, MD, HD; ~brent~, JD; ~brentest~,
_superl_. S2.--AS. _brant (bront)_; cp.  Swed. _brant_,
Icel. _brattr_.'

Omitting the etymology, the above information is given in two short
lines. Those who possess the 'Specimens of English' will easily find
the example of the superl. _brentest_. By consulting MAtzner's,
Halliwell's, and Jamieson's Dictionaries, further information can be
obtained, and the full article will appear as follows:--

'~Brant~, _adj_. steep, high, MD [~brant, brent~,
_adj_. ags. _brand_, arduus, altus, altn. _brattr_,
altschw. _branter_, schw. _brant, bratt_, dAn, _brat_,
sch. _brent_, nordengl. Diall. _brant_: cf. "_brant_,
steepe," Manipulus Vocabulorum, p. 25: steil, hoch.--"Apon the bald
Bucifelon _brant_ up he sittes," King Alexander, ed. Stevenson,
p. 124; "Thir mountaynes ware als _brant_ upri3*e as thay had
bene walles," MS. quoted in Halliwell's Diet., p. 206; "Hy3*e bonkkes
& _brent_," Gawain and the Grene Knight, l. 2165; "Bowed to A3/4e
hy3* bonk A3/4er _brentest_ hit wern," Alliterative Poems,
ed. Morris, Poem B, l. 379]; HD [~brant~, steep. _North_:
"Brant against Flodden Hill," explained by Nares from Ascham, "up the
steep side;" of. Brit. Bibl. i.  132, same as _brandly_?--"And
thane thay com tille wonder heghe mountaynes, and it semed as the
toppes had towched the firmament; and thir mountaynes were als
_brant_ upri3*te as thay had bene walles, so that ther was na
clymbyng upon thame," Life of Alexander, MS. Lincoln, fol. 38]; JD
[~brent~, _adj_. high, straight, upright; " My bak, that
sumtyme _brent_ hes bene, Now cruikis lyk are camok tre,"
Maitland Poems, p. 193; _followed by a discussion extending to more
than 160 lines of small print, which we forbear to quote_];
~brentest~, _superl_. S2. 13. 379 ["And bowed to A3/4e hy3*
bonk A3/4er _brentest_ hit were (MS. wern)," Allit. Poems, l. 379;
_already cited in_ MAtzner, _above_].'

The work, in fact, contains a very large collection of words, in many
variant forms, appearing in English literature and in Glossaries
between A.D. 1150 and A.D. 1580. The glossaries in S2, S3 (Specimens
of English, 1298-1393, and 1394-1579) have furnished a considerable
number of words belonging to the Scottish dialect, which most
dictionaries (excepting of course that of Jamieson) omit.

The words are so arranged that even the beginner will, in general,
easily find what he wants. We have included in one article, together
with the Main Word, all the variant spellings of the glossaries, as
well as the etymological information. We have also given in
alphabetical order numerous cross-references to facilitate the finding
of most of the variant forms, and to connect them with the Main
Word. In this way, the arrangement is at once etymological and
alphabetical--adapted to the needs of the student of the language and
of the student of the literature.

The meanings of the words are given in modern English, directly after
the Main Word. The variant forms, as given in their alphabetical
position, are frequently also explained, thus saving (in such cases)
the trouble of a cross-reference, if the meaning of the word is alone
required.

An attempt is made in most cases to give the etymology, so far at
least as to shew the immediate source of the Middle-English word.
Especial pains have been taken with the words of French origin, which
form so large a portion of the vocabulary of the Middle-English
period.  In many cases the AF (Anglo-French) forms are cited, from my
list of English Words found in Anglo-French, as published for the
Philological Society in 1882.

The student of English who wishes to trace back the history of a word
still in use can, in general, find the Middle-English form in Skeat's
Etymological Dictionary, and will then be able to consult the present
work in order to obtain further instances of its early use.

The relative share of the authors in the preparation of this work is
easily explained. The whole of it in its present form (with the
exception of the letter N) was compiled, prepared, and written out for
press by Mr. Mayhew. The original plan was, however, my own; and I
began by writing out the letter N (since augmented) by way of
experiment and model. It will thus be seen that Mr. Mayhew's share of
the work has been incomparably the larger, involving all that is most
laborious. On the other hand, I may claim that much of the labour was
mine also, at a much earlier stage, as having originally compiled or
revised the glossaries marked S2, S3, C2, C3, W, W2, P, and G, as well
as the very full glossarial indexes cited as B, PP, and WA, and the
dictionary cited as SkD. The important glossary marked S was, however,
originally the work of Dr. Morris (since re-written by Mr. Mayhew),
and may, in a sense, be said to be the back-bone of the whole, from
its supplying a very large number of the most curious and important
early forms.

The material used has been carefully revised by both authors, so that
they must be held to be jointly responsible for the final form in
which the whole is now offered to the public.

NOTE ON THE PHONOLOGY OF MIDDLE-ENGLISH.

One great difficulty in finding a Middle-English word in this, or any
other, Dictionary is due to the frequent variation of the symbols
denoting the vowel-sounds. Throughout the whole of the period to which
the work relates the symbols _i_ and _y_, in particular, are
constantly interchanged, whether they stand alone, or form parts of
diphthongs. Consequently, words which are spelt with one of these
symbols in a given text must frequently be looked for as if spelt with
the other; i.e. the pairs of symbols _i_ and _y_, _ai_
and _ay_, _eA_ and _ey_, _oA_ and _oy_,
_uA_ and _uy_, must be looked upon as likely to be used
indifferently, one for the other. For further information, the student
should consult the remarks upon Phonology in the Specimens of English
(1150 to 1300), 2nd ed., p. xxv. For those who have not time or
opportunity to do this, a. few brief notes may perhaps suffice.

The following symbols are frequently confused, or are employed as
equivalent to each other because they result from the same sound in
the Oldest English or in Anglo-French:--

/* _i,y_;--_ai, ay_;--_ei, ey_;--_oi, oy_;--_ui,
uy_.

_a, o_;--_a, A|, e, ea_;--_e, eo, ie_;--_o, u, ou_;
--(all originally short).

_a, A|, ea, e, ee_;--_e, ee, eo, ie_;--_o, oo, oa_;--
_u, ou, ui_;--(all long).  */

These are the most usual interchanges of symbols, and will commonly
suffice for practical purposes, in cases where the cross-references
fail.  If the word be not found after such substitutions have been
allowed for, it may be taken for granted that the Dictionary does not
contain it. As a fact, the Dictionary only contains a considerable
number of such words as are most common, or (for some special reason)
deserve notice; and it is at once conceded that it is but a small
hand-book, which does not pretend to exhibit in all its fulness the
extraordinarily copious vocabulary of our language at an important
period of its history. The student wishing for complete information
will find (in course of time) that the New English Dictionary which is
being brought out by the Clarendon Press will contain all words found
in our literature since the year 1100.

Of course variations in the vowel-sounds are also introduced, in the
case of strong verbs, by the usual 'gradation' due to their method of
conjugation. To meet this difficulty in some measure, numerous (but
not exhaustive) cross-references have been introduced, as when, e.g.
'~Bar~, bare' is given, with a cross-reference to
~Beren~. Further help in this respect is to be had from the table
of 183 strong verbs given at pp. lxix-lxxxi of the Preface to Part I
of the Specimens of English (2nd edition); see, in particular, the
alphabetical index to the same, at pp. lxxxi, lxxxii. The same Preface
further contains some account of the three principal Middle-English
dialects (p. xl), and Outlines of the Grammar (p. xlv). It also
explains the meaning of the symbols A3/4, A deg. (both used for _th_), 3*
(used for _y_ initially, _gh_ medially, and _gh_ or
_z_ finally), with other necessary information.

THE CLARENDON PRESS GLOSSARIES.

This work gives _all_ the words and _every_ form contained
in the glossaries to eleven publications in the Clarendon Press
Series, as below:--

S.--SPECIMENS OF EARLY ENGLISH, ed. Morris, Part I: from A.D. 1150 to
A. D. 1300.

This book contains extracts from:--~1~. Old English Homilies,
ed. Morris, E. E. T. S. 1867-8, pp. 230-241; ~2~. The Saxon
Chronicle, A.D. 1137, 1138,1140, 1154; ~3~. Old Eng. Homilies,
ed. Morris, First Series, pp. 40-53; ~4~. The same, Second
Series, pp. 89-109; ~5~. The Ormulum, ed. White, ll. 962-1719,
pp. 31-57; ~6~. Layamon's Brut, ed. Madden, ll. 13785-14387
[_add_ 13784 _to the number of the line in the reference_];
~7~. Sawles Warde, from Old Eng. Homilies, ed. Morris, First
Series, pp. 245-249, 259-267; ~8~. St. Juliana, ed. Cockayne and
Brock; ~9~. The Ancren Riwle, ed. Morton, pp. 208-216, 416-430;
~10~. The Wooing of our Lord, from Old Eng. Homilies, ed. Morris,
First Series, pp. 277-283; ~11~. A Good Orison of our Lady, from
the same, pp. 191-199; ~12~. A Bestiary, the Lion, Eagle, and
Ant, from An Old Eng. Miscellany, ed. Morris; ~13~. Old Kentish
Sermons, from the same, pp. 26-36; ~14~. Proverbs of Alfred, from
the same, pp.  102-130; ~15~. Version of Genesis and Exodus,
ed. Morris, ll.1907-2536; ~16~. Owl and Nightingale, from An Old
Eng. Miscellany, ed. Morris, ll. 1-94,139-232, 253-282, 3O3-352,
391-446, 549-555, 598-623, 659-750, 837-855, 905-920, 1635-1682,
1699-1794; ~17~. A Moral Ode (two copies), from An Old
Eng. Miscellany and Old Eng. Homilies, 2nd Series, ed. Morris;
~18~. Havelok the Dane, ed. Skeat, ll. 339-748; ~19~. King
Horn (in full).

S2.--SPECIMENS OF ENGLISH, Part II, ed. Morris and Skeat; from
A.D. 1298-1393.

This book contains extracts from:--~1~. Robert of Gloucester's
Chronicle (William the Conqueror and St. Dunstan); ~2~. Metrical
Psalter, Psalms 8, 14(15), 17(18), 23(24), 102(103), 103(104);
~3~. The Proverbs of Hendyng; ~4~. Specimens of Lyric
Poetry, ed. Wright (Alysoun, Plea for Pity, Parable of the Labourers,
Spring-time); ~5~. Robert Mannyng's Handlynge Synne, ll.
5575-5946; ~6~. William of Shoreham, De Baptismo; ~7~.
Cursor Mundi, ed. Morris, ll. 11373-11791 [_add_ 11372 _to the
number in the reference_]; ~8~. Eng. Metrical Homilies, ed.
Small (Second Sunday in Advent, Third Sunday after the Octave of
Epiphany); ~9~. The Ayenbite of Inwyt, ed. Morris, pp. 263-9, and
p. 262; ~1O~. Hampole's Prick of Conscience, ll. 432-9, 464-509,
528-555, 662-707, 728-829, 1211-1292, 1412-1473, 1818-29, 1836-51,
1884-1929, 2216-2233, 2300-11, 2334-55, 2364-73, 7813-24; ~11~.
Minot's Songs, Nos. 3, 4, 7; ~12~. William of Palerne, ed. Skeat,
ll. 3-381; ~13~. Alliterative Poems, ed. Morris, Poem B, ll.
235-544, 947-972, 1009-1051; ~14~.  Mandeville's Travels,
Prologue, part of Chap. 12, and Chap.  26; ~15~. Piers the
Plowman, A-text, Prologue, Passus 1, part of Pass. 2, Pass. 3,
Pass. 5, parts of Pass. 6 and 7; ~16~. Barbour's Bruce, ed.
Skeat, Book VII. ll. 1-230, 400-487; ~17~. Wyclif's translation
of St. Mark's Gospel, Chapters 1-6; Hereford's version of the Psalms,
Ps. 14(15), 23(24), 102(103); ~18~. Trevisa's translation of
Higden's Polychronicon, lib. i. c. 41, c. 59, lib. vi. c. 29;
~19~. Chaucer, Man of Law's Tale; ~20~. Gower's Confessio
Amantis, part of Book V.

S3.--SPECIMENS OF ENGLISH, Part III, ed. Skeat; from A. D. 1394-1579.

This book contains extracts from:--~1~. Pierce the Ploughman's
Crede, ll. 153-267, 339-565, 744-765, 785-823; ~2~. Hoccleve's De
Regimine Principum, stanzas 281-301, 598-628; ~3~. Lydgate,
London Lickpenny, and the Storie of Thebes, bk. ii. ll. 1064-1419;
~4~. James I (of Scotland), the King's Quair, stanzas 152-173;
~5~. Pecock's Represser, pt. i. c. 19; pt. ii. c. 11; ~6~.
Blind Harry's Wallace, bk. i. ll. 181-448; ~7~. Chevy Chase
(earlier version); ~8~. Malory's Morte Darthur, bk. xxi. c. 3-7;
~9~. Caxton's History of Troy; ~10~. The Nut-brown Maid;
~11~. Dunbar, Thistle and Rose, and Poem on being desired to be a
Friar; ~12~. Hawes, Pastime of Pleasure, c. 33; ~13~.
G. Douglas, Prol. to Aneid, book xii; ~14~. Skelton, Why Come Ye
Nat to Courte, ll. 287-382, 396-756; Philip Sparrow, ll. 998-1260;
~15~. Lord Berners, tr. of Froissart, c. 50, c. 130; ~16~.
Tyndale, Obedience of a Christian Man; ~17~. More, Dialogue
Concerning Heresies, bk. iii.  c. 14-16; Confutation of Tyndale,
bk. iii; ~18~. Sir T. Elyot, The Governor, bk. i.  c. 17, 18;
~19~. Lord Surrey, tr. of Aneid, bk. ii. ll. 253-382, 570-736,
and minor poems; ~2O~. Sir T. Wiat, Three Satires, and minor
poems; ~21~. Latimer, Sermon on the Ploughers; ~22~. Sir
D. Lyndesay, The Monarchy, bk. iii. ll. 4499-4612, 4663-94, 4709-38;
bk. iv. ll. 5450-5639; ~23~. N. Udall, Ralph Roister Doister, Act
iii. sc. 3-5; ~24~. Lord Buckhurst, The Induction; ~25~.
Ascham, The Schoolmaster, bk. i; ~26~. Gascoigne, The Steel Glas,
ll. 418-470, 628-638, 750-893, 1010-1179; ~27~. Lyly, Euphues and
his Ephoebus; ~28~. Spenser, Shepherd's Calendar, November,
December.

The remaining eight publications in the Clarendon Press Series which
have also been indexed are those marked C, C2, C3, W, W2, P, H, and G;
i.e. three books containing extracts from Chaucer, two books
containing parts of Wyclif's Bible, part of Piers Plowman, Hampole's
Psalter, and Gamelyn; the full titles of which are given below.

We also give all the important words occurring in CM (Chaucer, ed.
Morris); and in addition to this, and for the purpose of illustration,
forms are given from various texts and Dictionaries, and from the
Glossaries to B (Bruce), PP (Piers Plowman), and WA (Wars of
Alexander).

WALTER W. SKEAT.

FULL LIST OF AUTHORITIES,

WITH EXPLANATIONS OF ABBREVIATIONS.

NOTE.--The abbreviations referring to the authorities for the forms of
English words (AD. 1150-1580) are printed in italics. (CP = Clarendon
Press.)

1. _Alph_.: Alphita, a Medico-Botanical Glossary, ed. Mowat,
1887. CP.

2. Anglo-Saxon Gospels,in AS. and Northumbrian Versions, ed. Skeat.

3. Apfelstedt: Lothringischer Psalter (des XIV Jahrhunderts), 1881.

4. _B_: Barbour's Bruce, ed. Skeat, 1870, EETS. (Extra Series
xi).

5. _Bardsley_: English Surnames, 1875.

6. Bartsch: Chrestomathie de l'ancien franASec.ais (glossaire), 1880.

6*. BH: Bartsch and Horning, Langue et LittA(C)rature franASec.aises, 1887.

7. Bosworth: Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, 1838.

8. Brachet: French Dict., 1882. CP.

9. Brugmann: Grundriss, 1886.

10. BT.: Bosworth-Toller AS. Dict. [A-SAR].  CP.

11. _C_: Chaucer; Prol., Knight's Tale, Nun's Priest's Tale. CP.

12. _C_2: Chaucer; Prioress, Sir Thopas, Monk, Clerk, Squire. CP.

13. _C_3: Chaucer; Man of Law, Pardoner, Second Nun, Canon's
Yeoman. CP.

14. _Cath_.: Catholicon Anglicum (A.D.  83), ed. Herrtage,
141881. EETS (75).

15. Chron.: Two Saxon Chronicles, ed.  Earle, 1865. CP.

16. _CM_: Chaucer, ed. Morris, 1880.

17. Constans: Chrestomathie de l'ancien franASec.ais (glossaire), 1884.

18. Cotg.: Cotgrave, French and English Dict., 1611.

19. Curtius: Greek Etymology, ed. Wilkins and England, 1886.

20. CV: Icelandic Dictionary, Cleasby and Vigfusson, 1874. CP.

21. _DG_: Davies, Supplementary English Glossary, 1881.

22. Diez: Etymologisches WArterbuch, 1878.

23. Douse: Introduction to the Gothic of Ulfilas, 1886.

24. Ducange: Glossarium, ed. Henschel, 1883-7.

24*. Ducange: Glossaire FranASec.ais, ed.  1887.

25. _EDS_: English Dialect Society.

26. _EETS_: Early English Text Society.

27. Fick: WArterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen, 1874.

28. Florio: Italian and English Dict., 1611.

29. _G_: Tale of Gamelyn, ed. Skeat, 1884.  CP.

30. Godefroy: Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue franASec.aise [A-LIS].

31. Grein: Glossar der angelsAchsischen Poesie, 1861.

32. Grimm: Teutonic Mythology, ed. Stallybrass, 1883.

33. _H_: Hampole, Psalter, ed. Bramley, 1884. CP.

34. _HD_: Halliwell, Dict. of Archaic and Provincial Words, 1874.

35. Heliand, ed. Heyne, 1873.

36. _JD_: Jamieson, Scottish Dictionary, 1867.

37. Kluge: etymologisches WArterbuch der deutschen Sprache, 1883.

38. Leo: angelsAchsisches Glossar, 1877.

39. _Manip_.: Manipulus Vocabulorum, Levins, ed. Wheatley, EETS,
1867.

40. _MD_: MAtzner, altenglisches WArterbuch [A-H], 1885.

41. Minsheu: Spanish and English Dict., 1623.

42. _ND_: Nares, Glossary, 1876.

43. _NED_: New English Dictionary, ed.  Murray [A-BOZ]. CP.

44. _NQ_: Notes and Queries.

45. OET: Oldest English Texts, ed. Sweet, 1885, EETS (83).

45*. _ONE_: Oliphant, The New English, 1886.

46. Otfrid: Evangelienbuch, glossar, ed.  Piper, 1884.

47. _P_: Piers the Plowman (B-text), ed.  Skeat. CP.

48. _Palsg_: Palsgrave, Lesclaircissement de langue francoyse,
ed. 1852.

49. _PP_: Piers the Plowman, glossary by Skeat, 1885, EETS (81).

50. _PP. Notes_: by Skeat, 1877, EETS (67).

51. _Prompt_.: Promptorium Parvulorum, ed.  Way, Camden Soc.,
1865.

52. Ps.:(after French forms), see Apfelstedt.

53. _RD_: Richardson's English Dictionary, 1867.

54. Roland: Chanson de Roland, ed. Gautier, 1881.

55. _S_: Specimens of Early English, Part I, ed. Morris,
1885. CP.

56. _S_2: Specimens of Early English, Part II, ed. Morris and
Skeat, 1873. CP.

57. _S_3: Specimens of English Literature, ed. Skeat, 1879. CP.

58. _SB_: Sinonoma Bartholomei, 14th Cent.  Glossary, ed. Mowat,
1882. CP.

59. Schmid: Gesetze der Angelsachsen (glossar), 1858.

60. _SD_: Stratmann, Dict. of the Old English Language, 1878.

61. _Sh_.: Shakespeare Lexicon, by Schmidt, 1875.

62. Sievers: Grammar of Old English, ed.  A.S. Cook, 1885.

63. _SkD_: Skeat, Etymological Dict. of Eng. Lang., 1884. CP.

64. Skeat, English Words in Norman-French, 1882, Phil. Soc.

65. Skeat, Moeso-gothic Glossary, 1868.

66. _SPD_: Smythe Palmer, Dictionary of Folk-Etymology, 1882.

67. _Spenser_: Faery Queene, glossaries to Books I and II,
1887. CP.

68. Sweet: AS. Reader, 1884. CP.

69. Tatian: Evangelienbuch, ed. Sievers, 1872.

70. _TG_: Trench, Select Glossary, 1879.

71. _Trevisa_: version of Higden, Rolls' Series (41).

72. _Voc_.: Wright's Vocabularies, ed.  WA1/4lcker, 1884.

73. VP: Vespasian Psalter, as printed in OET., see 45.

74. Vulg.: the Vulgate Version of the Bible.

75. _W_: Wycliffe, New Testament (Purvey's revision), ed. Skeat,
1879. CP.

76. _W_2: Wycliffe, Job, Psalms, &c. (revised by Hereford and
Purvey), ed.  Skeat, 1881. CP.

77. _WA_: Wars of Alexander, ed. Skeat, 1887, EETS (Extra Series
xlvii).

78. Weigand: deutsches WArterbuch, 1878.

79. Windisch: Glossary added to Old Irish Texts, 1882.

80. _WW_: Wright, The Bible Word-Book, 1884.

81. ZRP: Zeitschrift fA1/4r romanische Philologie, ed. GrAber.

ABBREVIATIONS (LANGUAGES),

WITH REFERENCES TO AUTHORITIES.

AF: Anglo-French, see 64.
AS: Anglo-Saxon, see 10, 31, 45, 62.
Church Lat.: Ecclesiastical Latin, see 24, 74.
Goth.: Gothic, see 23, 65.
Gr.: Greek, see 9, 19, 27.
Icel.: Icelandic, see 20.
It.: Italian, see 28.
Lat.: Latin.
Late Lat.: Post-classical Latin, of Latin origin. see 24. 72. 74.
Low Lat.: Latin derived from the later European languages, see 1, 14, 24,
51, 58.
ME.: Middle English.
North.E.: Northern English, see 4, 36.
OF.: Old French, see 3, 6, 17, 18, 22, 24, 30, 48, 54.
OHG.: Old High German, see 37, 46, 69, 78.
OIr.: Old Irish, see 19, 79.
OMerc.: Old Mercian, see 2(Rushworth version), 45, 73.
ONorth.: Old Northumbrian, see 2.
OS.: Old Saxon, see 35.
OTeut.: Old Teutonic (as restored by scholars), see 27, 43.
Sp.: Spanish, see 41.

SYMBOLS.

In the etymological part three stops are used as symbols in connexion
with the cognate forms cited, namely the comma, the semi-colon, and
the colon. The comma is used to connect various spellings of a word,
as well as parallel forms cited from nearly connected languages; for
instance, s.v. ~daunger~, the OF. forms are so connected. The
semi-colon between two forms denotes that the two forms are
phonetically equivalent, and that the preceding one is directly
derived from, and is historically connected with the one following
this symbol; for instance, s.v. ~bugle~, the OF. _bugle_ is
the phonetic equivalent of the Lat. _buculum_, and is immediately
derived therefrom. The colon between two forms denotes that the two
forms are phonetically equivalent, and that the form following this
symbol is an earlier, more primitive form than the one preceding,
without an immediate interborrowing between the languages being
asserted; for instance, s.v. ~demen~, the Goth, _dA cubedmjan_ is
an older form than the AS. _dA(C)man_, but _dA(C)man_ is not
borrowed from the Gothic. The abbreviation 'cp.' introduces other
cognate forms, and has the same value as the symbol + in Skeat's
Dictionaries.

The asterisk * at the beginning of a word denotes a theoretical form,
assumed (upon scientific principles) to have formerly existed. The
sign = is to be read 'a translation of.' '(_n_)' after Prompt.,
Cath. and other authorities refers to foot-notes or other notes citing
the form in question.

A CONCISE DICTIONARY OF MIDDLE-ENGLISH

A.

~A-~, _prefix_ (1), adding _intensity_ to the notion of the
verb.--AS. _Ai_ for _ar_-, OHG _ar_-, Goth. _us_-. For the quantity of
the _Ai_ see Sievers, 121. Cf. ~Or~.

~A-~, _prefix_ (2), standing for ~A~, _prep_., and for Icel. _Ai_; see
~On-~ (1).

~A-~, _prefix_ (3), standing for ~Of~, _prep_.; see ~Of~.

~A-~, _prefix_ (4), standing for AS. _and_-, against, in return,
toward.--AS. _and_-, _ond_-, _on_-(proclitic). Cf. ~On-~ (2.)

~A-~, _prefix_ (5), standing for ~At~, _prep_., and Icel. _at_, used
with the infin. See ~At-~ (1).

~A-~, _prefix_ (6), standing for AS. _ge_-; see ~3*e-~.

~A-~, _prefix_ (7), standing for OF. _a_-and Lat. _ad_-.

~A-~, _prefix_ (8), standing for OF. _a_- and Lat. _ab_-.

~A-~, _prefix_ (9), standing for AF. _a_, OF. _e_-, _es_- from
Lat. _ex_-, _e_-.

~A-~, _prefix_ (10), standing for AF. _an_-, OF.  _en_- from
Lat. _in_-. See ~In-~.

~A-~, _prefix_ (11), standing for Gr. [Greek: a]- privative.

~A~, _interj_. O! Ah! expressing surprise, pain, S, MD.

~A~, _prep_, on, in, PP, S, S2,C2; see ~On~.

~A~, _prep_, of, S2, S3, PP; see ~Of~. [Addition]

~A~, _adv_. ever, S; ~aa~, S; ~a buten~, ever without, S; see
~O~. [Addition]

~A-bac~, _adv_. backwards, S, W2; ~abec~, S; ~abak~, C2, W; ~obak~,
S2.--AS. _on-bA|c_. (~A-~ 2.)

~Abasshen~, _v_. to abash, S3; ~abasshed~, _pp_. abashed, ashamed,
alarmed, C3, PP; ~abashed~, S2; ~abasshid~, S3; ~abasched~, PP;
~abaisshed~, PP; ~abaischid~, W; ~abaischt~, S2; ~abaissed~, PP;
~abaist~, S3; ~abayste~, S2, C2.--OF. _esbahiss_- stem of pr. p. of
_esbahir_, to astonish; Lat. _ex_ + *_badire_ for _badare_, to open
the mouth. (~A-~ 9.)

~Abate~, _v_. to beat down, bring down, calm down, P,
NED.--AF. _abatre_ (pr. p. _abatant_); Late Lat. *_adbatere_. (~A-~7.)

~Abaue~, _v_. to put to confusion, to be confounded, NED, HD, JD;
~abawed~, _pp_. HD; ~abaued~, HD.--OF. *_abavir_: _esbahir_ (with _v_
in place of lost _h_, see Brachet, s.v. _glaive_). (~A-~9). See
~Abasshen~.

~Abaye~, _sb_. barking; _phr_. ~at A3/4e abaie, at abaye~, at bay,
S2.--OF. _abai_, barking, from _abaier_; cp. F. _aboi_ in phr.: _Atre
aux abois_.

~Abbay~, _sb_. abbey, C2; ~abbeis~, pl., S2.--AF. _abbeie_ (_abeie_);
Church Lat. _abba*dia, abba*tia_, from _abba*tem_. See ~Abbod~.

~Abbesse~, _sb_. abbess, PP.--OF. _abbesse_; Church Lat. _abbatissa_.

~Abbod~, _sb_. abbot, MD, S2; ~abbot~, S, PP; ~abbodes~,
_pl_. S2.--Church Lat. _abba*tem_ (pronounced _abba*dem_),
nom. _abbas_; Gr. [Greek: abbas]; Syriac, _abba_, father.

~Abbodesse~, _sb_. abbess, PP.

~Abbot-rice~, _sb_. abbacy, S.--AS. _abbod-rA-ce_, the rule of an
abbot.

~A-B-C~, the alphabet, P; ~abcy~, Cath.; ~abce~, Cath. (_n_.), PP;
~abcee~, Cotg.; ~abece~, Cath. (_n_.); ~apece~,
Prompt.--Cp. OF. _abece_, the crosse rowe (Cotg.).

~Abeah, Abeh~.; see ~Abu3*en~.

~Abeggen, Abeien~; see ~Abyen~.

~A-bernen~, _v_. to burn; ~abernA deg.~, _pr. s_.
S.--AS. _Ai-beornan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~Abhominacioun~, _sb_. abomination, NED, C2.

~Abhomynable~, _adj_. abominable, S3, C3.--AF. _abhominable_;
Lat. _abominabilem_.

~A-biden~, _v_. to abide, remain, await, endure, S, S2, W2; ~habide~,
S2; ~abyde~, C2; ~abid~, _imp_., S, S2; ~abid~, _pr. s_., S; ~abit~,
S, S2, C3; ~abod~, _pt. s_., S; ~abood~, W2; ~abide~, _pt. pl_., S2;
~abididen~, W2; ~abide~, _pp_., G.--AS. _Ai-bA-dan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~A-biding~, _sb_. expectation, W2.

~Abiggen~; see ~Abven~.

~Abil~, _adj_. able, CM; ~able~, C; ~hable~, S3, MD.--OF. _able_,
_hable_ (mod. F. _habile_); Lat. _habilem_.

~Abilite~, _sb_. ability, NED; ~habilitie~, S3.--OF. _habilitA(C)_.

~Abil3*eit~, _pp_. apparelled, S3.--OF. _habiller_.

~Abil3*ement~, _sb_. clothing, S3.--OF. _habillement_.

~Abit~, _sb_. dress, a monk's clothing, habit, PP, CM, HD; ~abite~,
W.--AF. _abit_ (_habit_); Lat. _habitum_ (acc.).

~A-biten~, _v_. to bite, S.--AS. _Ai-bA-tan_.  (~A-I~).

~Abject~, _pp_. and _adj_. cast out, NED.

~Abjecte~, _v_. to cast aside, S3.

~A-blawen~, _v_. to blow, MD; ~ableow~, _pt. s_.,
S.--AS. _Ai-blAiwan_. (~A-I~.)

~A-blenden~, _v_. to blind, MD; ~ablent~, _pr. s_., S; _pl_., S;
~ablende~, _pt. s_., MD; ~a-blend~,
_pp_. MD.--AS. _Ai-blendan_. (~A-I~.)

~A-bouten~, _adv_. and _prep_. about, C2, P, MD; ~abuten~, S;
~abuuten~, S; ~abuton~, S; ~abute~, S; ~aboute~, S, G; ~oboute~, MD;
~obout~, S2.--AS. _on-bAtan_ (=_on-be-Atan_). (~A-2~.)

~A-bouen~, _adv_. and _prep_, above, C2, PP, MD; ~aboue~, PP;
~abufen~, S; ~abuuen~, MD; ~abowen~, MD; ~abone~, S3, JD; ~oboven~,
MD; ~obowen~, MD; ~oboune~, MD. _Phr_.: ~at here aboue~, S2.--AS. _on_
+ _bufan_ (=_be_ + _ufan_). (~A-2~.)

~Abregge~, _v_. to abridge, shorten, C; ~abreggide~, _pp_., W;
~breggid~, W.--OF. _abreger_, _abregier_: Prov. _abrevjar_;
Lat. _abbreviare_.  (~A-8~.)

~A-breiden~, _v_. to start up, to draw (sword), to thrust out, to
blame, S; ~abreyden~, NED; ~abraid~, _pt. s_.,S; ~abreyde~, C2;
~abrayde~, C; ~abroden~, _pp_., S; ~abruden~, S.--AS. _Ai_ +
_bregdan_. (~A-I~.)

~A-brode~, _adv_. abroad, PP; ~abrood~, C2; ~abrod~, widely apart,
PP. (~A-2~.)

~Abusioun~, _sb_. deceit, S2, C3.--OF. _abusion_ (Cotg.).

~Abute, Abuton, Abuten~; see ~A-bouten~.

~A-bu3*en~, _v_. to bow, MD; ~abuen~, MD; ~abouwen~, MD; ~abowe~, NED;
~abeah~, _pt. s_., MD; ~abeh~, S.--AS. _Ai-bugan_. (~A-I~.)

~A-byen, Abye~, _v_. to buy, to pay for, S3, C2, C3, PP; ~abygge~, PP;
~abiggen~, PP; ~abuggen~, S, PP; ~abeggen~, MD, G; ~abeien~, S;
~abie~, PP; ~abuiA3/4~, _pr. s_., S; ~abugeA deg.~, _pr. pl_., S; ~abouhte~,
_pt. s_., S; ~aboughte~, G; ~abought~, _pp_. 63.--AS. _Ai-*
bycgan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~Abyme~, _sb_. abyss, S2, HD.--OF. _abime, abisme_; Low
Lat. *_abyssimum_, superl. of Lat. _abyssus_; Gr. [Greek:abussos],
bottomless. (~A-~ 11.)

~Ac~, _conj_. but, S, S2, P; ~acc~, S; ~ah~, S, S2; ~ak~, S2, PP;
~hac~, S; ~ach~, MD; ~auh~, MD, S; ~auch~, MD; ~oc~, S; ~occ~,
S.--AS. _ac_.

~Acc-~; see ~Ac-~.

~Accident~, _sb_. accident (a term of the schoolmen),
C3.--Lat. _accidentem_.

~Accidie~, _sb_. sloth, indolence, S, CM, PP.--AF. _accidie_ (NED);
Low Lat. _accidia, acedia_; Gr. [Greek:akaedia], heedlessness,
torpor. (~A-~ 11.)

~Accompt~, _sb_. account, S3; see ~Acounte~. [Addition]

~Accompted~, _pp_. accounted, S3; see ~Acounte~. [Addition]

~Ace~, _sb_. a jot, S3; see ~As~. [Addition]

~A-cennen~, _v_. to bring forth, to beget, MD; ~acenned~, _pp_. MD;
~accenned~, S; ~akenned~, MD; ~akennet~, S; ~acende~ (for ~acend~),
S.--AS. _Ai-cennan_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-cennende~, _sb_. begetting, birth, S.

~A-cenneng~, _sb_. birth, S.

~A-chape~, _v_. to escape, NED; ~achaped~, _pt. s_.,
S2.--OF. _achaper_; cf. AF. _ascaper_.  (~A-~ 9.) Cf. ~Eschapen,
Ascapie~.

~Achate~, _v_. to purchase, NED.--OF. _achater_ (F. _acheter, acater_;
Late Lat., _accaptare_.

~Achate~, _sb_. purchase, provisions purchased, NED, C; ~achat~, HD;
~acate~, NED; ~acates~, _pl_., HD.--OF. _achat_, AF. _acate_. See
above.

~Achatour~, _sb_. a purchaser of provisions, purveyor, C, NED, HD;
~acatour~, NED.--AF. _achatour, acatour_; Late Lat. _accaptatorem_.

~Ache~, _sb_. pain, Prompt.; ~eche~, MD; ~hache~, HD.--AS. _A|ce
(ece)_. See ~Aken~.

~Ache~, _sb_. wild celery, parsley, NED, Voc.--OF. _ache_;
Lat. _apium_; Gr. [Greek:apion].

~Achesoun~, _sb_. occasion, motive, HD, MD, NED.--OF. _achoison,
ocoison_; Lat.  _occasionem_. Cf. ~Anchesoun, Enchesoun, Chesoun~.

~Achtande~, _ord_. eighth, S2, NED.--Icel. _Aittandi_;
cp. OHG. _ahtande_. Cf. ~Eighte~ (_ord_.).

~A-colien~, _v_. to wax cold; ~acolede~, _pt. s_., S; ~acoled~, _pp_.,
S.--AS. _Ai-cA cubedlian_. (~A-~ 1.)

~Acombren~, _v_. to encumber, PP; ~acumbrid~, _pp_.,
S2.--OF. _encombrer_. (~A-~ 10.)

~Acomplesshen~, _v_. to accomplish, NED; ~accomplice~, C;
~accompliced~, _pp_. NED.--AF. _acomplir_ (_acomplice_, pr. s. subj.);
Late Lat. _accomplere_; see Brachet. (A-7.)

~Acord~, _sb_. accord, agreement, MD; ~accord~, S2; ~acorde~,
S.--AF. _acord_.

~Acordaunce~, _sb_. agreement, PP.

~Acorden~, _v_. to reconcile, to agree, MD, S2, P; ~accordyng~,
_pr. p_., S3; ~accorded~, _pp_., S2; _pt. s_., S3.--OF. _acorder_;
Late Lat. _accordare_, from Lat. _ad + cord-_, stem of _cor_,
heart. (A-7.)

~Acorse~; see ~Acursien~.

~Acounte~, _v_. to count, to calculate, NED, C2, PP; ~acompte~, NED,
PP; ~accompted~, _pp_., S3.--AF. _acounter_, OF. _a-cunter, aconter_;
Late Lat. _accomptare_; Lat. _ad + computare_. (A-7.)

~Acounte~, _sb_. account, reckoning, PP; ~acompte~, PP; ~accompt~, S3;
~accomptes~, _pl_., S3.--AF. _acounte, acunte_.

~Acoupen~, _v_. to accuse, NED, HD; ~acoupede~, _pt. s_., NED, PP;
~acopede~, NED; ~acoulped~, NED; ~acouped~, _pp_., S2.--OF. _acouper,
acolper_, for _encouper, encolper_; Lat. _inculpare_. (A-10.)

~Acoyen~, _v_. to quiet, coax, tame, NED, Palsg.; ~acoyed~, _pt. s_.,
S2.--OF. _acoyer_, to calm; Lat. _ad + quietare_. (A-7.)

~Acumbrid~; see ~Acombren~.

~A-cursien~, _v_. to curse, NED; ~acursi~, S, NED; ~acorse~, PP;
~acorsed~, _pp_. MD. (A-1.)

~Acustumaunce~, _sb_. customary use, NED,
C2.--OF. _acostumance_. (A-7.)

~Acwenchen~; see ~Aquenchen~.

~Adamant~, _sb_. adamant, very hard metal, a fabulous rock or mineral,
the diamond, the loadstone or magnet, NED; precious stone, Prompt.;
~ademaunt~, C; ~adamounde~, Prompt, (_n_.); ~admont~, NED; ~athamant~,
NED; ~athamaunte~, C; ~attemant~, NED; ~aymont~, NED.--AF. _adamant_
(_aimant_); Lat. _adamantem_; Gr. [Greek: adamas] ([Greek: -anta]),
lit. invincible, untamable, from [Greek: a- + damao], I tame. (A-11.)

~Adaunten~, _v_. to subdue, NED; ~adauntede~, _pt. s_.,
S2.--OF. _adanter_, _adonter_; Lat. _ad + domitare_, to tame. (A-7.)

~A-dawe~, out of life, NED, HD.--AS. _of dagum_, from days. (A-3.)

~A-dawen~, _v_. to rise from sleep, also, to arouse, NED; ~adawed~,
_pp_. S3.--Cp. MHG. _er-tagen_, to dawn. (A-1.)

~A-day~, _adv_. at morn, by day, S2, P; ~adai~, S. (A-2.)

~Addledd~, _pp_. earned, S; see ~Adlen~. [Addition]

~A-dili3*en~,, _v_. to be lost, to perish, S; ~adili3*ede~, _pt. s_.,
S; ~adiligde~, S.--AS. _Ai-diligan_, to destroy. (~A-~ I.)

~A-di3*ten~, _v_. to appoint, order, prepare, compose, clothe, treat,
MD, S; ~ady3*t~, _pp_., MD; ~adight~, G; ~adyght~, MD, HD. (~A-~ 1.)

~Adlen~, _v_. to earn, MD; ~addle~, Manip., MED; ~addledd~, _pp_.,
S.--Icel. _AA deg.la_, refl.  _AA deg.la-sk_, to acquire for oneself property,
from _A cubedA deg.al_, property, patrimony, from *_aA3/4al_, race, see Fick, 7. 14;
cp. OHG. _uodil_, 'praedium' (Tatian). See ~Athel~.

~Admirald~, _sb_. a Saracen commander, S; see ~Amirail~.

~Admod~, _adj_. humble, gentle, S; ~A|dmod~, MD; ~edmod~,
MD.--AS. _A(C)admA cubedd, A(C)aA deg.mA cubedd_. See ~Eth~.

~Admoded~, _pp_. as _adj_. lowly; see ~Eadmodien~.

~Admodie~, _adj. pl_. humble, MD; ~edmodi~, MD.

~Admodliche~, _adv_. humbly, gently, MD; ~A|dmodli3*~,
S.--AS. _A(C)admA cubeddlice_.

~Admodnesse~, _sb_. humility, gentleness, MD, S; ~edmodnesse~, S;
~A|ddmodnesse~, S.--AS. _A(C)admA cubeddnes_.

~A-do~, _sb_. fuss, trouble, difficulty, S3, Prompt., WW; = to do, PP,
WW; ~adoe~, ND, (~A-~ 5.)

~A-doun~, _adv_. down, S, S2, C2, C3, G; ~adun~, S; ~adune~,
S.--AS. _of dAne_, off the hill. (~A-~ 3.)

~A-drad~, _pp_. frightened, put in dread, NED, S2, G, C, PP; ~adred~,
S; ~adrede~, NED.--AS. _of-drad_ (~A-~ 3). Cf. ~Of-dreden~.

~A-drawen~, _v_. to draw out, S2; ~adroh~, _pt. s_., NED; ~adrou~,
NED; ~adra3*e~, _pp_.  NED. (~A-~ 1.)

~A-dreden~, _v_. to fear greatly, S, NED; ~adrade~, _reflex_.,
S.--OMerc. _and-drA|*dan_ (Rushw.); see NED. (~A-~ 4.)

~A-drenchen~, _v_. to drown, to be drowned, MD, S, PP; ~adreynten~,
_pt. pl_., PP; ~a-*dreynt~, _pp_. drenched, PP; ~adreint~, MD;
~adrent~, S, PP; ~adreynched~, PP.--AS. _Ai-drencan_. (~A-~ I.)

~Adressen~, _v_. to make straight, to direct, NED, H.--OF. _adressier,
adrecier_ Late Lat. _addrictiare_, from Lat. _directum_,
straight. (~A-~ 7.)

~A-drinken~, _v_. to be drowned, MD, S; ~adronc~, _pt. s_., MD;
~adronken~, _pl_., MD; ~adrunken~, _pp_., MD.--AS. _Ai-drincan_. (~A-~
1.)

~A-drye~, _v_. to endure, bear, HD; ~adri3*en~, S (19. 1047),
MD.--AS. _Ai-drA(C)ogan_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-dun~, _adv_. down, S; see ~Adoun~.

~A-dunien~, _v_. to din; ~adunest~, 2 _pr. s_., ~adenyd~,
_pp_. MD. (~A-~ I.)

~Adun-ward~, _adv_. downward, NED; ~adonward~, S2.

~Adversarie~, _sb_. adversary, C3.--OF. _adversarie_;
Lat. _aduersarius_.

~Advertence~, _sb_. mental attention, C3--Late Lat. _advertentia_.

~Advocat~, _sb_. advocate, intercessor, C3; ~vokate~, PP; ~vokyte~,
_causidicus_, Voc.; ~vokettus~, _pl_. PP.--OF. _advocat_;
Lat. _aduocatum_ (acc.).

~A~, _sb_. law, MD.--AS. _*A|w_ (*A|), law, divine law, the Mosaic law,
marriage; Goth, _aiws_, an age, eternity; cp. OHG. _A(C)wa_, the law of
God, eternity (Otfrid). Cf. ~A-uez, Eu-bruche~, Eche.

~Admod~, _adj_. humble, gentle, MD; see ~Admod~.

~Admodli3*~, _adv_. humbly, S; see ~Admodliche~.

~Admodnisse~, _sb_. humility, MD; ~A|ddmodnesse~, S; see ~Admodnesse~.

~Ahte~, _num_. eight, MD; see ~Eighte~.

~Ahtene~, _num_. eighteen, S; see ~Eightene~.

~An~, _num_. and _indef. art_. one, S; ~A|nne~, S; see
~Oon~. [Addition]

~Aness~, _adv_. once, S; see ~Oones~. [Addition]

~Aoure~, _pron_. your, S; see ~3*oure~.

~Ard~, _sb_. native land, home, S; see ~Erd~.

~ArfeA deg.-telle~, _adj_. difficult to count, S. See ~ArfeA deg.~.

~Arnde~, _sb_. errand, MD; see ~Erende~.

~Arnd-race~, _sb_. messenger, S; ~Arndraches~, _pl_.,
S.--AS. _*A|rend-raca_.

~Arnen~, _v_. to run, S; see ~Rennen~.

~A-uez~, _adj_. pious, fast in the law, S.--AS.  _*A|-fest_. See A.

~Afaiten~, _v_. to affect, to prepare, array, dress, to train, tame,
subdue, NED, PP; ~affaiten~,P; ~fayten~, S2, PP; ~faiten~,
PP.--OF. _afaiter_, _afeiter_; Lat. _affectare_, freq. of _afficere_;
_ad+facere_. (~A-~7.)

~A-fallen~, _v_. to fall, MD; ~auallen~, MD; ~afeol~, _pt. s_., MD;
~afallen~, _pp_., MD.--AS.  _Ai-feallan_. (~A-~1.)

~A-fallen~, _v_. to fell, NED; ~afal~, _imp_., S; ~aual~, S.

~A-felde~, _adv_. a-field, to the field, PP. (~A-~ 2).

~A-fellen~, _v_. to fell, NED; ~auellen~, MD.--AS. _Ai-fellan_,
_Ai-fyllan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~A-fer~, _adv_. afar, W, W2; ~afeer~, NED; ~of feor~, S
(s.v. _feor_). (~A-~ 3.) Cf. ~A-ferre~.

~Afere~, _sb_, affair, bustle, appearance, demeanour, S2, NED;
~effere~, S2; ~effeir~, S2, S3; ~effer~, S2; ~afferes~, _pl_.,
PP.--OF. _afere=a+fere_; Lat. _facere_, to do. (~A-~7.)

~A-feren~, _v_. to frighten, terrify, S, PP; ~afferen~, MD; ~affeare~,
2 _pr. s. subj_., S; ~afered~, _pp_. afraid, S, C, P; ~aferd~, S, C,
P, W2; ~afeerd~, W; ~afert~, PP; ~aferde~, S3, P, W; ~afferde~,
S3.--AS. _Ai-fAiran_. (~A-~ 1)

~A-ferre~, _adv_. afar, Prompt.; ~oferrum~, S2; ~onferrum~, S2;
~onferre~, NED; ~on-*ferr~, NED. (~A-~ 2). Cf. ~Afer~.

~Aff~-; see ~Af-~.

~Affamysit~, _pp_. famished, S3, NED.  Cp. OF. _afamer_; Late
Lat. _affamare_.

~Affectuosly~, _adv_. passionately, HD, NED.

~Affectuouse~, _adj_. hearty, affectionate, NED, H; ~affectuse~,
NED.--Lat. _affectuosus_.

~Affray~, _sb_. terror, S3, C2, C3. Cf. ~Effray~.

~Affrayen~, _v_. to frighten, C2; ~affrayed~, _pp_. S2, C, C3, W; see
~Afrayen~.

~Afile~, _v_. to file down, NED; ~affyle~, C.--OF. _afiler_.

~Afingret~, _pp_. an-hungered, NED, HD; see ~Of-hungred~. [Addition]

~A-flemen~, _v_. to drive away, MD; ~aulem~, _imp, s_.,
S.--AS. _Ai-flA(C)man (Ai-flA1/2man)_. (~A-~1.)

~Afolen~, _v_. to befool; ~afoled~, _pp_., S; ~afoild~, NED,
HD.--OF. _afoler_ (Bartsch); Low Lat. *_adfolare_, to make
foolish. (~A-~ 7.)

~A-fon~, _v_. to receive, S; ~afeoh~, _imp_., S; ~avoA3/4~, _pr. pl_., S;
~auenge~, _pt. pl_., S2.--AS. _Ai-fA cubedn, on-fA cubedn_ (for _ond-fA cubedn_), see
Sievers, 198, 5. 1. (~A-~ 4.) Cf. ~Onfon~.

~Aforce~, _v_. to force, constrain, NED, H; ~afforce~, H; ~aforsed~,
_pt. pl_., H.--OF. _aforcer, efforcer, esforcier_; Late
Lat. _exfortiare_, from Lat. _fortis_, strong. (~A-~ 9.)

~A-fore~, _adv. prep_., before, PP, WW; ~affore~, PP; ~afor~, PP;
~affor~, PP; ~aforn~, NED.--AS. _on-foran_. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-forthen~, _v_. to further, promote, to achieve, to manage to do, to
manage to give, to afford; P, NED, SkD, HD; ~a-*forde~,
NED.--AS. _ge+forA deg.ian_. (~A-~ 6.)

~A-fote~, _adv_. on foot, PP; ~afoote~, S3, W; ~auote~, S2. (~A-~ 2.)

~Afrayen~, _v_. to disturb from peace and quiet, to frighten, NED;
~affraye~, C2 (E. 455); ~afreyd~, _pp_. alarmed, afraid, NED;
~affrayed~, W, S2, C, C3; ~affrayd~, S3; ~affrayt~, S3; ~frayd~, S3,
~fraid~, S3.--AF. _afrayer, effrayer_, OF. _esfreer_:
Prov. _esfredar_; Low Lat. _ex-fridare_, from _fridum_;
cp. OS. _friA deg.u_, peace. (~A-~ 9.) See ~Affrayen~.

~A-fright~, _pp_. terrified, C; ~afri3*t~, NED, HD; ~afry3*te~,
HD.--AS. _Ai-fyrht, Ai-fyrhted_. (~A-~I.)

~After~, _prep_, and _adv_. after, according to, S, HD,S2, C3;
~efter~, S, S2; ~eftir~, S3; ~eafter~,MD; ~aftir~, S2.--_Af-ter_ is a
comp. form, see SkD.

~After-clap~, _sb_. an evil consequence or result, HD;
~after-clappys~, _pl_., MD.

~After-del~, _sb_. disadvantage, MD; ~after-dele~, HD.

~A-fure~, _adv_. on fire, S2; ~auere~, S2; ~afiere~, W2. (~A-~2.)

~Afyngred~; see ~Ahungerd~.

~Afyrst~, _pp_. athirst, PP; ~afurst~, PP; ~afrust~, PP; see
~Of-A3/4urst~. [Addition]

~A-gasten~, _v_. to terrify, MD, PP; ~agesten~, S; ~agaste~, _pt. s_.,
C2, C; ~agast~, _pp_., PP, S2, S3, C2, C3, G; ~agazed~, S3; ~agaste~,
_pl_., S2, W.--AS. _Ai+gA|*stan_, to frighten. (~A-~I.)

~A-gen~, _prep_, and _adv_. towards, back, again, S; see ~A-3*ein~.

~Agenes~, _prep_, against, S; see ~A3*eines~.

~Agenst~, _prep_, against, NED; see ~A-3*einst~.

~Agenst-Christ~, _sb_. Antichrist, S3.

~A-gessen~, _v_. to reckon, calculate, S. (~A-~I.)

~Aghe~, _sb_. awe, H; ~agh~, NED; see ~Awe~.

~Aghe-ful~, _adj_. awful, H; ~aghful~, H.

~A-gon~, _v_. to obtain, PP.--AS. _of-gangan_, to require. (~A-~3.)

~A-gon~, _pp_. and _adv_. gone away, ago, S2, C3; ~agoon~, C2, C3;
~agone~, S3; ~agoo~, PP; ~ago~, C2.--AS. _a-gAin_, pp. of _Ai-gAin_, to
go forth. (~A-~I.)

~A-graythen~, _v_. to make ready, to dress, NED; ~agreA3/4ed~, _pp_., S2;
~agrayA3/4ed~, NED.--From Icel. _greiA deg.a_: Goth, _ga-raidjan_. (~A-~I.)

~A-graythinge~, _sb_. apparel, S2, NED.

~Agreable~, _adj_. pleasant, NED; ~aggreable~, favourable,
S3.--AF. _agreable_.(~A-~7.)

~A-gref~, in grief, NED; ~agrief~, C; ~ogrefe~, NED. _Phr_.: ~takes
not agreve~, takes it not unkindly, NED. (~A-~2.)

~Agreggen~, _v_. to make heavy, to be heavy, to aggravate, HD;
~agreggid~, _pp_., W2--OF. _agregier_: Prov. _agreujar_; Late
Lat. _aggreuiare_, from *_greuis_ for Lat. _grauis_. (~A-~7.)

~AgreA3/4ed~, _pp_. made ready, S2; see ~A-graythen~.  [Addition]

~Agreuen~, _v_. to bear heavily on, to grieve, oppress, HD; ~agreued~,
_pp_., C2, PP.--OF. _agrever_; Lat. _aggrauare_; _ad_+ _grauare_, from
_grauis_. (~A-~7.)

~Agrimony~, _sb_. agrimony, Prompt.; ~agremoine~, Voc.; ~egrimony~,
Prompt.; ~egremoin~, C3; ~egremounde~, NED; ~ogremoyne~,
Voc.--Lat. _agrimonia_; Gr. [Greek: agremonae] cp. F. _aigremoine_.

~A-grisen~, _v_. to be horrified, to terrify, to loathe, HD, MD, S;
~agryse~, S2, C3.--AS. _Ai-grA-san_. (~A- ~I.)

~A-grounde~, on the ground, S2, PP; on this earth, PP. (~A-~2.)

~Agte~, _sb_. possession, S; see ~Auhte~.

~A-gulten~, _v_. to sin, to offend, MD, PP, S; ~agilten~, MD;
~agelten~, MD; ~a3*ulten~, S; ~agulte~, _pt. s_., PP; ~agult~, _pp_.,
S; ~agilt~, HD, PP.--AS. _Ai-gyltan_. (~A-~I.)

~Ah~, _conj_, but, S, S2; see ~Ac~.

~Ah~, _pr. s_. owes (as a duty), S; ~ahen~, _pr. pl_., are obliged, S;
see ~Owen~. [Addition]

~A-honge~, _pp_. hanged up, S. (~A-~I.)

~Aht~, _adj_. worthy, valiant, NED; see ~Auht~.

~Aht~, _sb_. aught, anything; ~ahte~, S; ~ahct~, S; see
~Ought~. [Addition]

~Ahte~, _sb_. possession, S2; ~ahhte~, S; see ~Auhte~.

~Ahtlice~, _adv_. valiantly, NED; ~ohtliche~, NED. See ~Auht~.

~A-hungerd~, _pp_. a-hungered, PP, S3; ~ahungred~, NED; ~afyngred~,
PP.--AS. _ofhyngred_. (~A-~3.) See ~Of-hungred~.

~Aihte~, _sb_. property, S; ~ayhte~, S; see ~Auhte~.

~Air~, _sb_. air, S2; ~aire~, NED; see ~Eyre~.

~Airtis~, _sb. pl_. quarters of the sky, S3; see ~Art~.

~Aisille~, _sb_. vinegar, S; ~eisil~, MD; ~eisel~, MD; ~eyselle~, MD;
~esylle~, Prompt.; ~aselle~, MD; ~eysell~, Sh.; ~aysel~,
H.--OF. _aisil (eisil)_, also, _aisi_, Ps. 68. 21 (Metz); Late
Lat. _acitum_ (cp. OF. _azet_); Lat. _ace*tum_; see Schuchardt,
_Vokalismus_, i. 294.

~Aisliche~, _adv_. timorously, S3; see ~Eisliche~.

~Ak~, _conj_. but, S2, PP; see ~Ac~.

~Ak~, _sb_. oak, Voc.; ~akis~, _pl_., S3; see ~Ook~. [Addition]

~A-kelen~, _v_. to make cold, to grow cold, S,
MD.--AS. _Ai-cA(C)lan_. (~A-~I.)

~Aken~, _v_. to ake, to throb with pain, C2, S2, Prompt., NED; ~eken~,
MD; ~3*aik~, NED; ~oc~, _pt. s_., MD; ~ok~, MD; ~oke~, MD, NED;
~akide~, NED; ~oken~, _pt. pl_., PP.--AS. _acan_, pt. _A cubedc_,
pp. _acen_; cp. Icel. _aka_, to drive, Lat. _agere_. Cf. ~Ache~.

~Akennet~, _pp_. born, S; see ~A-cennen~. [Addition]

~Aketoun~, _sb_. a jacket of quilted cotton worn under the mail, a
jacket of leather plated with mail, NED, Voc., C2; ~acketoun~, HD;
~acton~, NED, HD, JD; ~hakatone~, HD; ~haqueton~, NED; ~haketon~, ND;
~hacqueton~, ND.--OF. _auqueton_; Sp. _alcoton_; Arab, _al-qu*tn_, the
cotton.

~A-kneon~, on knees, S, NED; ~aknen~, HD; ~aknewes~, HD. (~A-~ 2.)

~Al~, _adj_., _sb_., _adv_. all, MD, S, S2, C2, C3; ~all~, S, S3;
~hal~, S2; ~alle~, _dat_., S; ~A|lle~, _pl_., S; ~alle~, S2; ~halle~,
S; ~ealre~, _gen_., S; ~allre~, S; ~alra~, S; ~alre~, S.--AS. _eall_,
_all_, _al_.

~Al~, _adv_. (with conjunctions); ~al if~, although, NED.

~Al~, _adv_. (with subj. mood), although, ~NED~, C, C3; ~Al be it~,
even though it be that, C.

~Alabastre~, _sb_. alabaster, W (Mt. 26. 7); ~alabaustre~, S3;
~alablaster~, Sh.--OF. _alabastre_; Lat. _alabastrum_ (nom.-_ter_);
Gr. [Greek: alabastros, alabastos].

~A-lang~, _adv_. along, MD; ~along~, MD; ~olong~, MD (~A-~4). See
~Endlang~.

~Alange~, _adj_. tedious, strange, foreign, Prompt.; ~alenge~, HD; see
~Elenge~.

~Alarge~, _v_. to enlarge, to give largely, HD; ~alargid~, _pp_., W,
W2.--OF. _alargir_. (~A-~7.)

~A-last~, _adv_. at last, S2, NED. (~A-~ 5.)

~Alaun~, _sb_. a large dog used for hunting; ~alan~, NED; ~alant~,
NED; ~alauntz~, _pl_., C; ~allaundes~, NED.--OF. _alan_ (_allan_ in
Cotg.); It. _alano_ (Florio); Low Lat. _alanus_.

~Alay~, _sb_. alloy, PP; ~alayes~, _pl_., C2.--AF. _alay_.

~Alayen~, _v_. to mix metals, to alloy, NED, PP; ~alayed~, _pp_.,
PP.--AF. _alayer_, _aleyer_ (F. _aloyer_); Lat. _alligare_, to
bind. (~A-~ 7.)

~Albe~, _sb_. a vestment worn by priests, and by some kings;
NED.--Church Lat. _alba_, an alb; Lat. _alba_ (_vestis_), a white
garment.

~Albificacioun~, _sb_. the process of making white (in alchemy),
C3.--Late Lat. _albificationem_.

~Alblastrye~, _sb_. the use of cross-bows, S3. See ~Arblaste~.

~Ald~, _adj_. old, S, S2; ~alder~, _comp_., MD; ~aldreste~, _superl_.,
S; see ~Old~.

~Al-day~, _adv_. always, continually, C2, PP.

~Alde-like~, _adv_. with solemn, venerable mien, S.

~Alder~, _sb_. elder, ancestor, also, prince, chief, MD, PP; ~aldren~,
_pl_., S; ~A|lderen~, S; ~elderne~, S2; ~ealdren~, MD; ~ealdrene~,
_gen_., S.--AS. _ealdor (aldor)_. See ~Ald~. ~Alder~, _gen. pl_. of
all, C2, H; see ~Alre-~. ~Alder-best~, _adj_. best of all, H; see
~Alrebest~.

~Alder-first~, _adj_. first of all, C2; see ~Alrefyrst~.

~Alder-mon~, _sb_, a prince, also, the principal officer in the shire,
MD, Voc.; ~ellder-nemanness~, _gen_., S; ~aldermen~, _pl_.,
PP. AS. _ealdormann_.

~Aldire-~, _gen. pl_. of all, H; see ~Alre-~.

~Aldire-mast~, _adj_. most of all, H; see ~Alremest~.

~Ale~, _sb_. ale, S2, C2; ale-house, S2; an ale-drinking,
NED. _Comb_.: ~ale-stake~, a stake before an alehouse as a sign, C,
C3, NED.--AS. _ealu, alu_; OTeut. stem *_alut-_.  Cf. ~Nale~.

~A-leggen~, _v_. to lay down, to lay aside, to put down, confute, S,
NED _(allay^{1})_.--AS. _Ai-lecgan_. (~A-~ I.)

~Alemaunde~, _sb_. almond, NED, W2; ~almaundes~, _pl_., ~NED~;
~almoundes~, NED.--OF. _alemande, alemandre, alemandle_
(cp. Sp. _almendra_); Late Lat. _amendola_ (cp. Pg. _amendoa_);
Lat. _amygdala_; Gr. [Greek: amugdalae].

~Alemaunde-tre~, _sb_. almond-tree, W2.

~Alembyk~, _sb_. a retort (used in alchemy), C3; ~alambic~, NED;
~limbeck~, ND, Sh.; ~lymbecke~, (Minsheu).--OF. _alambic_,
Sp. _alambique_ (Minsheu); Arab, _al-anbA-q_; Gr. [Greek: ambic]. stem
of [Greek:ambix], a cup.

~A-lemen~, _v_. to illumine, S; ~alimen~, S; ~aleomen~, S.--AS. _Ai_ +
_lA(C)oman_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-lesednesse~, _sb_. redemption, MD.

~A-lesen~, _v_. to loose, deliver, S; ~alesde~, _pt. s_., S; ~alesed~,
_pp_., S, HD.--AS. _Ai-lA(C)san, Ailysan_. (~A-~1.)

~A-lesendnesse~, _sb_. redemption, MD.

~A-lesnesse~, _sb_. redemption, S, MD.--AS. _Ai-lA(C)snis_.

~Al-gate~, _adv_. every way, always, in any case, NED, S3, C, C2, C3;
~allegate~, S; ~algates~, S2, C2, C3; ~algatis~, W.--Cp. Icel. _alla
gAtu_, every way.

~Algorisme~, _sb_. the Arabic or decimal system of numeration,
arithmetic, NED; ~algrim~, MD; ~augrim~, S. _Phr_.: ~cipher in
algorisme~, the figure ~o~, a mere cipher, NED.--OF. _algorisme
(augorime)_; Low Lat. _algorismus_ (cp. Span, _guarismo_, arithmetic,
Minsheu); from Arab. _al-Khowarazmi_, the surname of an Arab
mathematician of the 9th cent.

~Al-halowen~, _sb. pl_. all saints, NED; ~alhalowes~, NED; ~halalwes~,
S2.

~Al-halowen day~, _sb_. All Saints' Day, NED.--AS. _ealra halgena
dA|g_.

~Aliance~, _sb_. alliance, NED; ~alliaunce~, C2.--AF. _aliance_.

~A-liche~, _adv_. alike, PP, NED.--AS.  _ge-lA-ce_. (~A-~ 6.) See
~Iliche~.

~ Alie~, _sb_. ally, relative, PP; ~allye~, C2.

~Alien~, _v_. to combine, unite, ally, NED; ~allyed~, _pp_.,
C2.--OF. _alier_; Lat. _alligare_. (~A-~ 7.)

~A-liri~, _adv_. across (said of the legs), P; ~alyry~, PP.--AS. _on_
+ _lira_, the fleshy part of the leg (Voc.). (~A-~2.)

~A-li3*ten~, _v_. to alight, get lightly down from a horse, to
descend, also, to lighten, MD; ~alyghte~, C2; ~alyghte~, _pt. s_., PP;
~aly3*te~, PP; ~alihte~, MD; ~ali3*te~, S; ~a-lyhte~, S2; ~ali3*t~,
_pp_., S2.--AS. _Ai-lA-htan_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-li3*ten~, _v_. to enlighten, illuminate, to light (a fire),
NED.--AS. _on-lA-htan_. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-li3*tnen~, _v_. to enlighten, NED; ~a-lichtyn~, S3; ~alyctnyng~,
_pr. p_., S3. (~A-~ I.)

~Al-kaly~, _sb_. alkali, C3.--Arab. _al-qali*y_, calcined ashes; from
_qalay_, to roast in a pan.

~Alkamistre~, _sb_. alchemist, C3, NED. OF.  _alkemiste_.

~Al-kamye~, _sb_. medieval chemistry, PP.--OF.  _alcamie_, _alquimie_;
Sp. _alquimia_; Arab, _al-ki*mi*a*_; Late Gr. [Greek: chaemia], of
doubtful origin, prob. from _chumeia_, pouring.

~Al-karon~, _sb_. the Koran, S2.--OF. _al-coran_; Ar. _al-qora*n_, the
reading, from _qara'a_, to read aloud.

~Al-katran~, _sb_. the resin of fir trees, pitch, also, bitumen, NED,
S2.--OF. _alketran_; Sp. _alquitran_; Ar. _al-qatran_, from _qatara_,
to drop.

~Al-kin~, _adj_. of every kind, MED, PP; ~alkyn~, S2, PP; ~alkynnes~,
PP; ~alle kynez~, S2.--AS. _alles cynnes_, gen.

~Al-kynd~, _adj_. of every kind, S3.

~All-~; see ~Al-~.

~Allunge~, _adv_. altogether, S, MD; ~allynge~, MD; ~allinge~,
MED.--AS. _eallunga_, _eallunge_.

~Allure~, _sb_. a place to walk in, a gallery, a walk by the parapets
of a castle, a cloister, S3; ~alure~, Prompt., NED.--OF.  _alure_ (now
_allure_), walk, going, a gallery, also, _aleA1/4re_ (= Low
Lat. *_alatura_), from _aler_, to go (F. _aller_).

~Almain~, _adj_. German, NED; ~Almaines~, _pl_. Germans, NED;
~Almaygnes~, S3.--OF. _aleman_ (F. _allemand_.)

~Almain~, _sb_. a kind of dance, NED; ~almond~, NED. _Comb_.:
~almain-leap~ [Correction], ND; ~almond-leape~, Cotg. (s. v. _saut_).

~Almaine~, _sb_. Germany, H; ~Almayne~, NED; ~Alemaine~, S; ~Almeyne~,
NED; ~Almen~, NED; ~Alamanie~, S.--OF. _Alemaigne_; Lat. _Allemannia_,
the country of the _Allemanni_.

~Almes-dede~, _sb_. deed of mercy, S2.

~Almesse~, _sb_. alms, charity, S, PP, Prompt., S2, C3; ~A|lmes~, S;
~elmesse~, MD; ~almes~, S, S2, W; ~almous~, S2; ~almessis~, _pl_.,
W.--AS. _A|lmysse_; Church Lat. *_alimosina_ (cp. OF. _almosne_);
_eleemosyna_ (Tertullian); Gr. [Greek: eleaemosunae] alms, Lu. 12. 33;
orig. pity.

~Al-mest~, _adv_. almost, S2, C2, W, W2; ~almeest~, W2; ~almost~, PP.

~Al-mi3*t~, _adj_. all-powerful, MD; ~almight~, NED, G.--AS. _A|lmiht_.

~Al-mi3*ti~, _adj_. almighty, NED; ~almichti~, S; ~allmahhti3*~, S;
~almy3*ty~, S2; ~almihti~, S.--AS. _A|lmeahtig_.

~Al-mi3*tin~, _adj_. almighty, NED; ~almihten~, NED; ~almihtin~, S.

~Alne-way~; see ~Alweye~.

~A-lofte~, _adv_. on high, aloft, PP; ~aloft~, PP; ~on-lofte~, S2, C2;
~o lofte~, NED; ~o loft~, NED.--Icel. _Ai lopt_ (of motion), _Ai lopti_
(of position); _lopt_, air, sky, loft; cp. AS. _on A3/4Ai lyft_, into the
air, (~A-~ 2.)

~A-londe~, on land, in the land, S2, HD; ~alond~, S2.

~Al-one~, _adj_., _adv_. alone, MED. _Phr_.: ~hym allane~, S2. See
~One~.

~A-longen~, _v_. to seem long to, to long, NED; ~alonged~,
_pp_. filled with longing, G, HD; ~alonget~,
S2.--AS. _of-langian_. (~A-~ 3.)

~A-long on~, _prep_, on account of, S2, NED.--AS. _ge-lang_,
along. (~A-~ 6.) See ~Ilong~.

~Al-only~, _adv_. merely, S2; ~alle only~, S2.

~A-loofe~, _adv_. aloof, more nearly to the wind, NED; ~alofe~, S3;
~aluffe~, HD. Probably from Du. _loef_, in _te loef_, to
windward. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-losen~, _v_. to praise, PP; ~alosed~, _pp_.  notorious, S2, NED,
HD. (~A-~ 7.)

~Al-out~, _adv_. entirely, NED: ~all out~, H.

~A-louten~, _v_. to bow down, S3, NED; ~alowtid~, _pt. s_.,
PP.--AS. _Ai-lAtan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~A-low~, on the low ground, on earth, ED, PP; ~alawe~, S3; ~alowe~,
PP. (~A-~2.)

~Alowable~, _adj_. praiseworthy, PP.

~Alowaunce~, _sb_. praise, PP.

~Alowen~, _v_. to praise, commend, to approve of, sanction, to admit
(intellectually), S3, PP; ~allowen~, C2, G, PP.--OF. _alouer_; Late
Lat. *_allaudare_; Lat. _ad_+_laudare_. (~A-~7.)

~Alowen~, _v_. to assign, bestow, to give an allowance to, NED,
Palsg.; ~allow~, Sh.--AF. _alower_, OF. _alouer, aloer_;
Lat. _allocare_, to place. (~A-~7.)

~A-loyne~, _v_. to remove far off, NED, HD, AF. _aloyner_, from
_loin_; Lat. _longe_. (~A-~7.)

~Alre~, _gen. pl_. of all, used as an intensifying prefix with a
superlative, NED (_all_, see sect. D. II, p. 227), MD (p. 56);
~allere~, H; ~aller~, G, C; ~alder~, C2, H; ~alther~, G, C, W2;
~aldire-~, H.--AS. _ealra_.

~Alre-best~, best of all, S2; ~alderbest~, H; ~altherbest~, NED, HD,
C; ~alther-beste~, S, HD.

~Alre-fyrst~, first of all, NED; ~altherfirst~, NED, HD; ~alderfirst~,
C2, C3.

~Alre-mest~, most of all, S; ~aldiremast~, H; ~althermoost~, HD.

~Als~, _adv_. and _conj_. also, as, S, S2, S3, C2; see ~Also~.

~Als-as~, _conj_. just as if, S3.

~Al-so~, _adv_. and _conj_. (1) even so, likewise, also, (2), as, MED,
PP, S, S3, C3; ~allswa~, S; ~alswo~, MED; ~alse~, S; ~alsse~, S;
~als~, S, S2, S3, C2; ~alls~, S; ~ase~, S, S2; ~as~, S, S2, S3, C2;
~es~, PP; ~alsswa~, S2; ~alsua~, S2; ~als-so~, S2; ~alswa~, S, S2,
MED.--AS. _eal-swAi_.

~Al solne day~, All Souls' Day, NED; ~alle soule day~, S2.--AS. _ealra
sawlena dA|g_.

~Als-tite~, _adv_. as quick, immediately, MED, S2.

~Al-Suic~, _adj_. all such, S.

~Al-Swithe~, _adv_. as fast, immediately, MED; ~alswythe~, PP;
~als-suith~, S2; ~aswithe~, S2; ~asswythe~, S2.

~Alther-~, _gen. pl_. of all, C, G, W2, PP; see ~Alre-~.

~Alther-best~, _adj_. best of all, S, C; see ~Alrebest~.

~Alther-feblest~, _adj_. feeblest of all, S2, HD.

~Alther-first~, _adj_. first of all, HD; see ~Alrefyrst~.

~Alther-moost~, _adj_. most of all, HD; see ~Alremest~.

~Al-to~, _adv_. entirely, S, NED (s.v. _all_, see C, sect. 15), W, W2,
H; ~all-to~, H.

~Al-togidere~, _adv_. altogether, G; ~alte-gA|dere~, S.

~Al-wat~, _conj., adv_. all the while, till, S, MD (s.v. _al_, p. 57);
~alwet~, MD; ~alhuet~, NED (s.v. _all what_). See ~What~.

~Al-weldand~, _adj_. all-wielding, S2; ~al-*wealdent~,
S.--AS. _al-wealdend_.

~Al-weye~, _adv_. all along, at all times, perpetually, at any rate,
NED; ~alne-way~, S2; ~alwey~, C2, C3, PP; ~alwais~, S2; ~al-leweyes~,
NED.--AS. _ealne weg_.

~Alynen~, _v_. to besmear; ~alyned~, _pp_.,
S2.--Lat. _allinere_. (~A-~7.)

~A-lyue~, _adv_., _adj. as pred_. alive, C2, S2, PP; ~onlyue~, C2, G;
~onliue~, S.--AS. _on life_. (~A-~2.)

~Am~, I _pr. s_. am, S, C3; ~A|m~, S, MD; ~ham~, S; ~eam~, MD; ~eom~,
MD.--O.North. _am_, O.Merc, _eam_ (VP), AS. _eom_.

~A-mad~, _pp_. as _adj_. distracted, mad, MD, S; ~amed~, MD; ~amadde~,
_pl_. MD.--AS. _ge-mA|'*d_, pp. of _ge-mA|'*dan_, to madden;
cp. OHG. _ga-meit_, foolish. (~A-~6.)

~Amaistrien~, _v_. to master, teach, PP; ~amaistrye~, P,
HD.--OF. _amaistr(i)er_; Lat. _ad_ + _magistrare_. (~A-~7.)

~Amalgame~, _sb_. a soft mass, mixture of metal with mercury, NED;
~malgam~ NED.--OF. _amalgame_; Low Lat. _amalgama_.

~Amalgaming~, _sb_. the formation of an amalgam, C3.

~Amang~; see ~Amonge~.

~A-mansien~, _v_. to curse, to excommunicate, MD; ~amansi~, MD;
~amansy~, MD; ~amonsi~, HD; ~amawns~, HD; ~amansed~, _pp_.,
S.--Contracted from AS. _Ai-mAinsumian_, to put out of intimacy, from
_mAinsum_, familiar, intimate; pp. _Ai-mAinsumod_, also _AimAin-*sod_; see
Schmid. (~A-~I.)

~A-masen~, _v_. to amaze, stupefy, NED; ~amased~, _pp_ C3. (~A-~I.)

~Ambassade~, _sb_. the function of ambassador, an ambassador and
suite, NED; ~embassades~, _pl_., S3.--OF.  _ambassade_, _ambaxade_;
OSp. _ambaxada_, from Low Lat.  _ambaxia, ambactia_, office,
employment, from _ambactus_, vassal, retainer, a Celtic word found in
Caesar.

~Ambassadrie~, _sb_. ambassadorship, NED; ~embassadrie~, S2,
C3.--F. _ambas-*saderie_.

~Ambassage~, _sb_. embassy, NED; ~ambassages~, _pl_., S3.

~Amblen~, _v_. to move at an easy pace, NED.--OF. _ambler_;
Lat. _ambulare_, to walk.

~Amblere~, _sb_. an ambling horse or mule, C, NED.

~Amellen~, _v_. to enamel, MD; ~ammell~, Palsg.; ~amelled~, _pp_.,
Palsg.; ~amelyd~, HD; ~amiled~, HD; ~ameled~, NED.--AF. _aymeler_,
OF. _esmailler_; OHG. _smalzjan_, to smelt, liquefy;
cp. It. _smaltare_, to enamel (Florio). Cf. ~En-amelen, Mute~.

~Amenden~, _v_. to amend, mend, MD, S, S2, C2, W; ~amended~, _pp_. S2;
~amendid~, W2.--OF. _amender_; Lat. _*e-mendare_, from _ex_ +
_mendum_, fault. (~A-~ 9.)

~Amene~, _adj_. pleasant, S3, NED; ~ameyn~, S3.--OF. _amene_;
Lat. _amoenum_.

~Amerant~, _sb_. amaranth, a fadeless flower, S3.--OF. _amarante_;
Lat. _amarantum_ (acc.); Gr. [Greek: amarantos.] (~A-~ II.)

~Amercy~, _v_. to amerce, fine, P, NED.--AF.  _amercier_; from
OF. _estre a merci_ came _estre amercie_, then _amercier_.

~Amete~, _sb_. ant, emmet, NED; ~amte~, W2; ~emete~, Voc.; ~emote~,
NED; ~ematte~, Voc.; ~amtis~, _pl_., W2; ~amptis~, NED.--AS. _*A|mete,
A(C)mete_. Cp. OHG. _Aimeiza_; from OHG. Ai, off + _meizan_, to cut, as if
'the cutter or biter off.'

~Ametist~, _sb_. amethyst, NED; ~ametistus~, W (Rev. 21. 20);
~amatyste~, HD; ~amaste~, HD; ~amaffised~, MD.--OF. _ametiste_;
Lat. _amethystum_ (acc.); Gr. [Greek: amethustos.] (~A-~ 11.)

~Ameuen~, _v_. to be moved, NED; ~ameued~, _pt. s_.,
C2.--OF. _esmeuv_-, accented stem of _esmover_;
Lat. _exmou*ere_. (~A-~ 9.)

~Ameyn~; see ~Amene~.

~A-midde~, _adv_. and _prep_, amid, S2, C2, PP; ~amidden~, S;
~amydde~, PP.--AS. _on middan, on middum_. (~A-~ 2.)

~Amirail~, _sb_. a Saracen ruler or commander, an emir, an admiral,
MD; ~amerel~, Prompt.; ~amyralle~, MD; ~amrayl~, HD; ~admirald~,
S.--OF. _amirail, amiral_; cp. Arab. _am*ir-al-bahr_, commander of the
sea, _am*A-r-al-m*umin*im_, commander of the faithful.

~A-mis~, _adv_. amiss, C2; ~amys~, G; ~onmys~, NED. (~A-~ 2.)

~Amome~, _sb_. an odoriferous plant, amomum, NED; ~amonye~, W,
HD.--OF. _amome_ (Cotg.); Lat. _amomum_; Gr. [Greek: amomon], a name
applied to several spice plants.

~Amoneste~, _v_. to admonish, warn, HD.--OF. _amonester_; Late
Lat. *_admonitare_, from Lat. _admonitus_, pp. of _admonere_, see
Constans. (~A-~ 7.)

~Amonestement~, _sb_. admonishment, S, HD.--OF. _amonestement_';

~Amonestyng~, _sb_. admonishing, CM.

~A-monge~, _prep_, and _adv_. among, in, at intervals, PP; ~amange~,
NED; ~omang~, MD; ~amang~, S, S2; ~among~, S, PP. _Phr_.: ~eure
among~, ever among, every now and then, S; ~ever and among~,
NED.--AS. _on-mang_, _on-gemang_. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-monges~, _prep_, among, S2, S3, C2, C3 G, PP.

~A-morewe~, on the morrow, S2, W; ~amor we~, HD, PP, S2; ~amorez*e~,
S; ~amor3*e~, S (16. 432).--AS. _on morgen_. (~A-~ 2.)

~Amountance~, _sb_. amount, NED; ~mountouns~, S2, HD.

~Amounten~, _v_. to ascend, rise, amount, mean, S2, C2, PP; ~amunten~,
S.--AF. _amunter_, from Lat. _ad+montem_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Ampole~, _sb_. a vessel for holding consecrated oil, or for other
sacred uses, NED; ~ampulles~, _pl_., P; ~ampolles~, S2, PP;
~hanypeles~, PP.--OF. _ampole_; Lat. _ampulla_.

~Ampre~, _sb_. a tumour, flaw, blemish; ~amper~, HD; ~ampres~, _pl_.,
S.--AS. _ampre_, 'varix' (Voc.).

~Amte~; see ~Amete~.

~A-murA deg.rin~, _v_. to murder, S; ~amorthered~, _pp_.,
MD.--AS. _Ai-myrA deg.rian_ (Schmid). (~A-~ 1*.)

~Amyable~, _adj_. friendly, lovely, NED; ~amyabill~, S3; ~amiable~,
WW.--OF. _amiable_; Lat. _amicabilem_.

~An~, 1 _pr. s_. I grant, allow, S; on, _pr. s_., S. See ~Unnen~.

~An~, _num_. and _indef. art_. one, an, S, S2, PP; see ~Oon~.

~An~, _prep_, on, upon, in, PP, S, S2; see ~On~.

~An~, _conj_. and, if, PP, S, S2; see ~And~.

~Anchesoun~, _sb_. occasion, MD; ~ancheisun~, MD; ~anchaisun~,
HD.--AF. _anchesoun_. See ~Achesoun~.

~Ancre~, _sb_. an anchorite, recluse, hermit, a monk, a nun, NED, S,
S2; ~auncre~, S2; ~anker~, S2; ~ancres~, _pl_., P.--AS. _ancra_, m. (*
_ancre_, f.); Church Lat. _anachoreta_; Gr. [Greek: *anachoraetaes]

~And~, _conj_. and, also, if, G, S, S2, S3, C2 ~ant~, S, S2; ~an~, S,
S2; ~a~, MD.--_Phr_.: ~and if~, MD.

~Ande~, _sb_. breath, H; see ~Onde~. [Additoin]

~Anefeld~, _sb_. anvil, W2; ~anefelt~, NED.--AS.  _onfilti_ (Voc.).

~An-ent~, _prep_, and _adv_. on a level with, among, opposite,
towards, in respect of, ~NED~; ~anont~, MD; ~onont~, S; ~onond~, S;
~anende~, MD; ~anonde~, MD; ~ononde~, MD; ~anendes~, MD; ~anentes~,
NED; ~anentis~, W, W2; ~anemptis~, MD; ~anempst~, NED; ~anence~, H;
~anens~, H; ~ynentes~, H.--AS. _on efen_, _on efn_, _on emn_, on even
ground with.

~Anentesch~; see ~Anientise~.

~Aner-ly~, _adv_. only, alone, S2, NED, JD.

~Anete~, _sb_. the herb dill, Voc., W, NED.--OF. _anet_;
Lat. _anethum_ (Vulg.); Gr. [Greek: *anaethon], dial, form of [Greek:
anison]. See ~Anise~.

~A-netheren~. _v_. to lower, humiliate, NED; ~anethered~, _pp_.,
HD. (~A-~ I.) See ~AniA deg.erien~.

~Anew~, _sb_. ring, wreath; ~anewis~, _pl_., S3; ~aneus~, links of a
chain, NED.--OF. _aniaus_, pl. of _anel_, ring; Lat. _anellus_,
dim. of _a*nulus_, dim. of _annus_, a circuit, year.

~Anew~, enough, S3. (~A-~ 6.) See ~Ynow~.

~A-newe~, _adv_. anew, NED. (~A-~ 3.) See ~Of-newe~.

~Anfald~, _adj_. single, simple, S, HD; see ~Oone-fold~. [Addition]

~Angel~, _sb_. angel; ~ongel~, S; ~angles~, _pl_., S; ~A|ngles~, S;
~anglene~, _gen_. S.--Lat.  _angelus_. See ~Engel~.

~An-gin~, _sb_. beginning, MD; ~angun~, S, NED.

~An-ginnen~, _v_. to begin; ~on gon~, _pt. s_.,
S.--AS. _an-_(_on-_)_ginnan_.

~Angle~, _sb_. a name given to the four astrological 'houses,' ~NED~,
S2.--OF. _angle_; Latin _angulum_ (acc.).

~Angles~, _sb. pl_. the English, the people of 'Angul,' a district of
Holstein, S, NED; ~Englis~, S.--AS. _Angle_, pl.

~Angre~, _sb_. affliction, sorrow, wrath, pain, inflammation, NED, S2,
PP; ~angers~, S2.--Icel. _angr_.

~Angren~, _v_. to annoy, injure, make angry, NED; ~angre~,
PP.--Icel. _angra_.

~Angwisch~, _sb_. anguish, W2; ~anguyssh~, PP; ~angoise~, S, MD;
~anguise~, MD; ~anguisse~, MD.--OF. _angoisse_, AF. _anguisse_;
Lat. _angustia_, tightness, from _angere_, to squeeze.

~Anhed~, _sb_. unity, H; see ~Oonhed~. [Addition]

~An-hei3*~, _adv_. on high, S2, PP; ~an hei~, S2; ~an hey~, S2; ~an
hi3*~, W.

~An-heten~, _v_. to heat, to become hot; ~anhet~, _pr. s_. S;
~anhA(C)A(C)t~, _pp_. S.--AS. _onhA|tan_.

~An-he3*en~, _v_. to exalt, NED; ~anhe3*ed~, _pp_., S2.

~An-hitten~, _v_. to hit against, S, MD.

~An-hon~, _v_. to hang (_tr_.), MD; ~anhoA deg.~, _pr. pl_., S; ~anhonge~,
_pp_., MD.--AS. _on-hA cubedn_.

~An-hongen~, _v. tr_. and _intr_. to hang, S, MD; ~anhonged~, _pp_.,
MD; ~anhanged~, C2.

~Aniente~, _v_. to bring to nought, NED; ~anyente~,
PP.--OF. _anienter_, from _a_, to _+ nient_; Late Lat. *_necentem =
nec + entem_. (~A-~7.)

~Anientise~, _v_. to bring to nought, to destroy, NED; ~anientice~,
PP; ~anentisen~, CM; ~anentesch~, PP; ~anyntische~, W2; ~neentishe~,
NED; ~annentissched~, _pp_. CM; ~anyntischid~, W2; ~enentyscht~, H;
~enentist~, H.--OF. _anientir_ (variant of _anienter_),
pr. p. _anientissant_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Anise~, _sb_. anise, also dill, NED; ~anys~, NED; ~aneyse~,
Voc.--OF. _anis_; Lat. _anisum_; Gr. [Greek: anison]. Cf. ~Anete~.

~A-niA deg.erien~, _v_. to lower, humiliate, MD; ~aneA deg.ered~, _pp_. MD,
HD.--AS. _Ai + niA deg.erian_. (~A-~ 1.)

~Anker~, _sb_. anchor, S.--AS. _ancor_; Lat.  _ancora_; Gr. [Greek:
agkura].

~Anlas~, _sb_. a kind of dagger, anlace, MD, C; ~anelace~, HD;
~anelas~, MD, NED.--Cp. Low Lat. _anelacius_ (Ducange), OWelsh
_anglas_.

~An-leth~, _sb_ [Correction]. face, countenance, MD, HD, NED;
~onndlA|t~, MD; ~onlete~, MD.--Icel. _andlit_ (Swed. _anlete_):
AS. _and-wlA-ta_.

~Ann-~; see ~An-~.

~Annamyllit~, _pp_. enamelled, S3; see ~Enamelen~.

~Annuel~, _adj_. yearly; _sb_. a mass said either daily for a year
after, or yearly on the anniversary of a person's death, NED;
~anuell~, S3.--AF. _annuel_; Late Lat. _annualem_, for
Lat. _anna*lem_, from _annus_, year.

~Annueler~, _sb_. a priest who sang an annual, PP, C3, HD.

~An-on~, _adv_. at once, instantly, soon, in a short time, S, S2, C3,
PP; ~anan~, S, NED; ~onan~, S2; ~onon~, S, S3; ~anoon~, S3, C2, G,
W.--AS. _on Ain_, into one; _on Aine_, in one (moment).

~Anonder~; see ~Anunder~.

~Anon-ryght~, _adv_. immediately, C3, G; ~anonrihtes~, S; ~ananriht~,
S.

~An-ouen~, _adv_. above, S, NED; ~onuuen~, NED.--AS. _on ufan_.

~A-nough~, _adj_. (as _pred_.) enough, CM; ~anew~, S3. (~A-~ 6.) See
~Ynow~.

~Anoy~, _sb_. discomfort, vexation, trouble, MD, S2, PP; ~anoye~, W2;
~anui~, MD; ~enuye~, S.--OF. _anoi_: OSp. _enoyo_: OIt. _inodio_, from
the Lat. phrase _est mihi in odio_; see Diez. Cf. ~Noye~.

~Anoyen~, _v_. to annoy, PP, W2, S2, C2, C3; ~anoiede~, _pt. s_., W;
~noyede~, W; ~anoyed~, _pp_. W; ~anuyed~, PP; ~anuid~, MD; ~anud~, S;
~anuy3*ed~, S2; ~ennuyed~, P.--AF. _ennuyer_. Cf. ~Noyen~.

~Answere~, _sb_. answer, MD; ~ondswere~, S; ~answare~, S; ~onswere~,
S., ~andsware~, S.--AS. _and-swaru_.

~Answeren~, _v_. to give an answer, S, PP; ~ondswerien~, S;
~andswarede~, _pt. s_. S; ~andswerede~, S; ~ontswerede~, S;
~onswerede~, S; ~onswerde~, S; ~answarede~, S; ~answerede~,
S.--AS. _and-swarian_.

~Ant~, _conj_, and, also, if, S, S2. See ~And~.

~Antem~, _sb_. anthem, C2; ~antefne~, MD.--AS. _antefne_; Church
Lat. _antA-fona_ (cp.  Prov. _antA-fena_, It. _antifona_); for older
_antipho*na_; Gr. [Greek: antiphona] lit. things sounding in
response. Cf. ~Antiphone~.

~Anticrist~, _sb_. Antichrist, MD; ~antecrist~, W (I John 4. 3);
~ancrist~, MD; ~ancryst~, Voc.--Church Lat. _antichristus_ (Vulg.);
Gr. [Greek: antichristos].

~Antiphone~, _sb_. antiphon, NED; Church Lat. _antipho*na_; see
~Antem~.

~Antiphonere~, _sb_. anthem-book, C2; ~antyphonere~, Voc.; ~anfenare~,
Voc.; ~amfanere~, Voc.--Church Lat. _antiphonarius_.

~Anum~, _adv_. at once, S.--AS. _Ainum_, dat. of _Ain_, one. [The
MS. has _anA_, put for _anu*_ (= anu_m_)]. See ~Oon~.

~An-under~, _prep_, under, S; ~anonder~, S.

~An-Uppe~, _prep_, and _adv_. upon, MD; ~onuppe~, S.

~An-uppon~, _prep_, upon, S, MD; ~an-uppen~, S.

~Anwalde~, _sb. dat_. power, S; ~anwolde~, S; see
~On-wald~. [Addition]

~A-nyghte~, _adv_. by night, C2; ~ani3*t~, S; ~onigt~, S. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-nyghtes~, _adv_. at night, nightly, S3*.

~Apalled~, _pp_. made pale, NED; ~appalled~, C, C2.--OF. _apalir,
apallir_; Lat. _ad_+_pallire_ for _pallere_. (A- 7.)

~Aparail~, _sb_. apparel, PP; ~apparaille~, C2, PP.

~Aparailen~, _v_. to make ready, to fit up, furnish, to dress, attire,
PP; ~apparayleden~, _pt. pl_. S2; ~aparailed~, _pp_. S; ~apparailled~,
P.--OF.  _apareiller_; Late Lat. _*adpariculare_, to make equal or
fit, from Lat. _par_, equal. (A- 7.)

~Aparaunce~, _sb_. appearance, NED; ~apparence~,
C2.--AF. _apparence_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Apart~, _adv_. apart, aside, C2; ~aparte~, separately, PP,
NED.--OF. _a part_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Apart~, _v_. to set aside, separate, NED; ~aparte~, S3 (24. 14).

~Apartie~, _adv_. in part, partly, PP, NED. (~A-~ 2.)

~Apayen~, _v_. to satisfy, please, to requite, HD, PP; ~apayd~,
_pp_. S3, C2, C3; ~apayed~, C2, W; ~apaied~, W, PP.--OF. _apaier_
_(apayer):_ Prov. _apagar_; Lat. _ad_ + _pacare_, from _pacem_,
peace. (~A-~ 7.)

~Ape~, _sb_. ape, MD, C2, C3, P; fool, HD. _Phr_.: ~A3/4e olde ape~,
i.e. the devil, MD; ~wyn of ape~ (= OF. _vin de singe_), wine which
makes the drinker pleasant, wanton, or boyish, Cotg., MD,
HD.--AS. _apa_.

~Apece~, _sb_. the alphabet, Prompt.; see ~A-B-C~.

~Apenden~, _v_. to belong, S2, PP; ~appenden~, S2,
PP.--OF. _ap(p)endre_; Lat. _ad_ + _pendere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Aperceyue~, _v_. to perceive, C2, PP; ~aperseyue~,
PP.--OF. _aperASec.oiv_-, accented stem of _aperceveir_; Late
Lat. _appercip[*e-]re_; Lat. _ad_ + _percipere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Aperceyuinges~, _sb. pl_. observations, C2.

~Aperen~, _v_. to appear, S, PP; ~apeeren~, PP; ~aper~, S2; ~appiere~,
P; ~apperand~, _pr. p_. S3.--AF. _aper_-, stem of _apert_, pr. s. of
_aparoir_; Lat. _apparere_ (_ad_ + _parere_).  (~A-~ 7.)

~Apert~, _adj_. clever, expert, NED; ~aspert~, S3.--OF.  _aspert_,
_espert_; Lat. _expertus_. (~A-~ 9.)  See ~Expert~.

~Apert~, _adj_. open, NED, H, HD; _adv_.  C2. _Phr_.: ~in to apert~ (=
Lat. _in palam_), S2.--OF. _apert_; Lat. _apertus_, pp. of _aperire_,
a verb with _[*a-]_=_ab_, prefix. (~A-~ 8.)

~Aperteliche~, _adv_. openly, S2; ~apertly~, P, H; ~appertly~, P.

~Apertenaunt~, _pr. p_. appertaining, C2.--OF. _apertenant_.

~Apertene~, _v_. to appertain, NED, C3.--OF.  _apertenir_; Lat. _ad_ +
_pertinere_. (~A-~7.)

~Apertinent~, _pr. p_. appertaining, C2.--Late Lat.  _adpertinentem_.

~Apesen~, _v_. to appease, NED, S3 (3b. 1352), C2, C3; ~appease~, S3
(19a. 295).--OF. _apeser_, from _a_ + _pes_; Lat. _pacem_,
peace. (~A-~ 7.)

~Apeyren~, _v_. to harm, diminish, impair, PP, W; ~apeyre~, P, W;
~appayre~, S2, P; ~apeyred~, _pp_. S2.--OF. _ampeirer, empeirer_;

Lat. _in_+_peiorare_, to make worse, from _peior_, worse. (~A-~ 10.)

~Apeyryng~, _sb_. injuring, S2, W; ~appairing~, S3.

~A-piken~, _v_. to trim, adorn, MD; ~apiked~, _pp_., C. See
OF. _piquer_ (Cotg.).

~Aplien~, _v_. to apply, devote one's energies to, NED; ~apply~,
S3.--OF. _aplier_; Lat. _applicare_.

~Apointen~, _v_. to come or bring matters to a point, to agree,
arrange, to prepare, equip, NED.--OF. _apointer_, from _a point_.

~Apointment~, _sb_. agreement, NED; ~poyntemente~,
S3.--OF. _apointement_.

~Aposen~, _v_. to question, S2, PP, Prompt.; ~apposen~, C3,
PP. Cp. ~Opposen~.

~Apostel~, _sb_. apostle, S; ~appostel~, NED; ~appostil~, NED;
~apostle~, W; ~postlis~, _pl_.  NED.--AS. _apostol_; Church
Lat. _apostolus_ (Vulg.); Gr. [Greek: apostolos], one sent forth,
messenger; cp. AF. _apostle_ (OF. _apostre_).

~Apostil-hed~, _sb_. office of apostle, W.

~Apotecarie~, _sb_. apothecary, C; ~potekary~, NED.--OF. _apotecaire_;
Late Lat. _apothecarium_ (acc.), from _apotheca_; Gr. _[Greek:
apothaekae]_, storehouse.

~Apoyson~, _v_. to poison, PP; ~apoysoned~, _pp_.,
PP.--OF. _apoisoner_, for _empoisoner_. (~A-~ 10.)

~App-~; see ~Ap-~.

~Appairen~, _v_. to injure; ~appayre~, S2, P; see ~Apeyren~.

~Appairing~, _sb_. injuring, S3.

~Appel~, _sb_. apple, PP; ~eppel~, MD; ~applis~,
_pl_. W2.--AS. _A|ppel_.

~Apple-garnade~, _sb_. pomegranate, S2 (_garnade_).
Cf. ~Garnet-appille~.

~Aprentis~, _sb_. apprentice, NED; ~prentis~, S2, PP; ~aprentys~,
_pl_. PP.--OF. _aprentis_ (AF. _aprentiz_), nom. of _aprentif_, from
_aprendre_, to learn; Lat. _apprehendere_ = _ad+prehendere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~A-quenchen~, _v_. to quench, PP; ~a-cwenchen~, S; ~aqueynte~,
_pt. s_. S2; ~aqueynt~, PP.--AS. _Ai-cwencan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~Aquerne~, _sb_. squirrel, S, NED; ~acquerne~, S.--AS. _Aicwern_
(Voc.); cp. Icel. _A-korni_, G. _eichhorn_, MDu. _A(C)ncoren_.

~Aqueyntaunce~, _sb_. acquaintance, S2, CM, MD.--OF. _acointance_,
AF. _aqueyntance_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Aqueynten~, _v_. to become known, MD; ~aquointe~, _pp_. acquainted,
NED; ~aquente~, NED; ~aquynt~, S2.--OF. _acointer_ (_acuinter_); Late
Lat. _adcognitare_, from Lat. _ad+cognitum_, pp. of
_cognoscere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Ar~, _prep., conj_, and _adv_. before, S, S2, G, H, P; see ~Er~.

~Ar~, _pr. pl_. are, S2, PP; see ~Aren~.

~Arace~, _v_. to pull up by the roots, C2, CM; ~arache~,
NED.--AF. _aracer_, OF. _esrachier_; Lat. _e(x)radicare_. (~A-~9.)

~Aranye~, _sb_. spider, Prompt.; ~arain~, HD; ~aranee~, HD; ~eranye~,
Prompt.; ~erayne~, Prompt.; ~erayn~, H; ~arane~, H; ~erane~, Voc.;
~yreyne~, W2; ~aran~, H; ~irain~, NED; ~arrans~, _pl_., HD; ~yreyns~,
W2.--OF. _araigne (iraigne)_; Lat. _aranea_.

~Arate~, _v_. to correct, blame, rate, PP. Probably a variant of
~Aretten~. Cf. OF. _aratter = aretter_ (Godefroy).

~Aray~, _sb_. array, PP; ~array~, S2 (19.393), C2, C.--OF. _arei_
(_arroi_).

~Arayen~, _v_. to array, NED, PP; ~arayed~, _pp_. W; ~arrayed~, C2,
C3.--AF. _arayer_; OF. _areier_, _areer_: It. _arredare_ (Florio);
from Lat. _ad_ + Low Lat. *_re*do_ (OF. _rei_), preparation, of
Teutonic origin. (~A-~7.)

~Arblaste~, _sb_. a military engine for throwing missiles, MD, S2;
~alblast~, S2.--OF. _arbaleste_; Late Lat. _arcuballista_.

~Arblaster~, _sb_. an arblast-man, S2.

~Arch~, _sb_. arch, Prompt.; ~arches~, _pl_.  court of Arches,
P.--OF. _arche_ (Cotg.).

~Arch-~, _prefix_, chief; ~erche-~, Church Lat. _archi_-; Gr. [Greek:
a*rchi]-, [Greek: a*rch]-.

~Arch-angel~, _sb_. archangel, S, PP; ~archangles~, _pl_. S.--Church
Lat. _archangelus_; Gr. [Greek: a*rchAingelos].

~Arche-biscop~, _sb_. archbishop, S; ~erchebissop~,
S2.--AS. _A|rce-biscop_ (S); Lat. _archi_- + AS. _biscop_.

~Archer~, _sb_. archer, S2; ~archeer~, C2;
~harchere~. Voc.--AF. _archer_. See ~Ark~.

~Archi-deken~, _sb_. archdeacon, PP; ~erchedekene~, S2.

~Archi-flamyn~, _sb_. high-priest, S2.--Church Lat. _archiflamen_,
archbishop (Ducange), from Lat. _flamen_.

~Archi-triclin~, _sb_. the ruler of the feast, S; ~architriclyn~,
W.--Church Lat. _architriclinus_ (Vulg.); Gr. [Greek:
a*rchi*trklinos].

~Arch-wyfe~, _sb_. a wife who rules; ~arche-wyues~, _pl_. C2, CM.

~Are~, _sb_. honour, reverence, also, grace, clemency, MD, NED, S;
~ore~, S, S2, G, HD; happy augury, MD, S.--AS. _Aire_ (_Air_);
cp. OHG. _A(C)ra_, honour (Otfrid).

~Are~, _sb_. oar, MD; see ~Ore~. [Addition]

~A-recchen~, _v_. to explain, expound, to speak,
NED.--AS. _Ai-reccan_. (~A-~1.)

~A-rechen~, _v_. to reach, to strike, to reach in thought, to imagine,
to be sufficient, NED, S, S (ii. 47), S2, W,
PP.--AS. Ai-_rA|*can_. (~A-~I.)

~A-reden~, _v_. to declare, to interpret, NED, W; ~areede~,
W.--AS. _Ai-rA(C)dan_; cp.  G. _errathen_. (~A-~I.)

~A-redy~, _adj_. ready, P, HD, NED; ~3*e-redi~, MD. (~A-~6.)

~Are-full~, _adj_. compassionate, MD, S.--AS.  _Air-full_.

~Are-les~, _adj_. merciless, MD; ~oreleas~, S; ~oreles~,
S.--AS. _Air-lA(C)as_.

~Aren~, _v_. to show mercy to, S, MD.--AS, _Airian_.

~Aren~, _pr. pl_. are, S, PP; ~arn~, MD, C2, PP; ~are~, MD; ~ar~, MD,
S2, PP; ~ere~, MD, S2; ~er~, H.--ONorth. _aron_.

~Arende~, _sb_. errand; HD, PP; see ~Erende~.

~Arerage~, _sb_. the state of being in arrear, indebtedness, NED, PP;
~arrerage~, C, PP.--OF. _arerage_, AF. _arrerage_.

~Arere~, _adv_. to the rear, in the rear, PP; ~Arrere~,
PP.--AF. _arere_; Late Lat. _ad retro_, backward. (~A-~7.)

~A-reren~, _v_. to raise, build, to arise, to rear, S2, PP; ~arearen~,
S; ~areride~, _pt. s_., W; ~arerde~, S; ~arerd~, S; ~arerdon~, _pl_.,
S; ~arered~, _pp_., S2, W, W2; ~arerd~, S2.--AS. _Ai-rA|*ran:_
Goth. _ur-raisjan_. Causal of ~Arisen~. (~A-~I.)

~A-rest~, at rest, PP. (~A-~2.)

~Arest~, _sb_. stop, S2; ~arreest~, custody, C. _Phr_.: ~spere in
arest~, in rest, C.--OF.  _areste_, stoppage, AF. _arest_, act of
arresting.  (~A-~7.)

~Aresten~, _v. int_. and _tr_. to stop, cause to stop, NED,
C.--AF. _arester_; Lat. _ad_+ _restare_. (~A-~7.)

~Aretten~, _v_. to reckon, count, accuse, NED, W, W2; ~aretted~,
_pp_. C; ~arettid~, W, W2; ~rettid~, W.--AF. _aretter_, OF. _a-reter_;
_a+reter_: OSp. _reptar_, to challenge (Minsheu); Lat. _reputare_, to
count; cp. Late Lat. _reptare_ (Ducange). (~A-~7.)  Cf. ~Retten~.

~A-reysen~, _v_. to raise, to arouse, NED; ~areysed~, _pt. s_., S3;
~areisid~, _pp_., W. (~A-~I.)

~Are3*th~, _sb_. cowardice; ~are3*the~, _dat_., S.  See ~Arwe~.

~ArfeA deg.~, _adj_. difficult, MD; ~arefeA deg.~, S; ~earfeA deg.~, MD; ~arueA deg.~,
NED; ~erfeA deg.~, MD.--AS. _earfeA deg.e_; cp. _earfeA deg.e_, _earfoA3/4_, labour,
toil: Goth, _arbaiths_.

~Argoile~, _sb_. the tartar deposited from wines, C3, NED; ~arguyll~,
NED; ~argall~, Cotg. (s.v. _tartre_), ND.--AF. _argoil_.

~Arguen~, _v_. to prove, to reason, PP.--OF. _arguer_; Late
Lat. _argutare_, from Lat. _arguere_.

~Arguere~, _sb_. reasoner, PP.

~Argument~, _sb_. proof, clear proof, proof presumptive, NED;
~argumens~, _pl_., PP.--AF. _argument_; Lat. _argumentum_.

~Argumenten~, _v_. to argue. C3, S2.

~A-risen~, _v_. to arise, MD; ~aryse~, PP; ~aris~, _imp. s_. S;
~arys~, PP; ~arist~, _pr. s_., S, S2, C3; ~aros~, _pt. s_., S, PP;
~aroos~, PP; ~arisen~, _pp_., MD; ~arise~, S2.--AS. _Ai-rA-san_.  (~A-~
I.)

~A-rist~, _sb_. rising, resurrection, NED; ~aristes~, _gen_., S;
~ariste~, _dat_., S.--AS. _A|-rA-st_.  (~A-~ i.)

~Ariue~, _v_. to arrive, to come to shore, S; ~aroue~, _pt. s_., NED;
~ariuede~, _pl_. S2; ~aryue~, _pp_., S; ~aryven~, NED.--AF. _ariver_;
Late Lat. _arribare, arripare, adripare_, from Lat. _ad_ + _ripa_,
shore. (~A-~ 7.)

~Ariue~, _sb_. landing, arrival, C, NED.

~A-rixlien~, _v_. to rule; ~arixlye~, S. (~A-~I.)

~A-rizt~, _adv_. in a right way, straightway, S2; ~aryght~, C2;
~arigte~, S; ~origt~, _S_.  (~A-~ 2.)

~Ark~, _sb_. an ark, chest, MD; ~arrke~, S; ~arc~, S2.--Lat. _arca_;
cp. OF. _arche_.

~Ark~, _sb_. segment of a circle, C2, MD.--OF. _arc_; Lat. _arcum_
(acc.), a bow.

~Arles~, _sb_. an earnest, NED, JD, HD.--Probably a plural in form
from an OF. *_erle_, *_arle_; Lat. *_arrhula_, dim. of _arrha_, for
_arrhabo_; Gr. _arrabon_; Heb. _'A(C)rAibA cubedn*_. Cp. OF. _erres, arres_:
Sp. _arras_ (Minsheu); Lat. _arrhas_, pl. acc. of _arrha_. See
~Ernes~.

~Arly~, _adj_. and _adv_. early, S2, H; see ~Erly~.

~Arm~, _sb_. arm, MD; ~earmes~, _pl_., S, MD; ~armes~, _interj_. arms!
an oath, by God's arms, S3, NED. _Phr_.: ~Gog's arms~,
S3.--AS. _earm_: Icel. _armr_: Goth. _arms_.

~Arm~, _adj_. poor, wretched, MD; ~A|rm~, MD; ~erme~, _dat_. S; ~arme~,
_pl_. S; ~earme~, MD.--AS. _earm_: Icel. _armr_: Goth. _arms_.

~Armen~, _v_. to arm, C3, PP; ~i-armed~, _pp_., S.--AF. _armer_;
Lat. _armare_.

~Armes~, _sb. pl_. weapons, coat-armour, MD, P.--AF. _armes_.

~Arm-heorted~, _adj_. tender-hearted, S.--Cp. AS. _earm-heort_.

~Arm-hertnesse~, _sb_. compassion, S.

~Arminge~, _sb_. the act of arming, putting on of armour, C2.

~Armipotent~, _adj_. mighty in arms, C.--Lat. _armipotentem_.

~Armony~, _sb_. harmony, S3.--F. _harmonie_; Lat. _harmonia_;
Gr. [Greek: armonia.]

~Armure~, _sb_. armour, weapons, P, C2, C3, G; ~armoure~, C2;
~armuris~, _pl_., W, W2.--AF. _armure (armoure), armeure_;
Lat. _armatura_.

~Arn~, _sb_. eagle, HD; ~aryn~. H; see ~Ern~.

~Arnde~, _pt. s_. ran, S; see ~Rennen~.

~A-rode~, on the rood (the cross), NED, S, S2. (~A-~2.)

~A-rowe~, _adv_. in a row, one after another, S; ~areawe~, S; ~arewe~,
NED. (~A-~2.)

~Arr-~; see ~Ar-~.

~Arr~, _sb_. scar, wound, NED, JD; ~ar~, HD; see ~Erre~.

~Arred~, _pp_. scarred, JD.

~Arsenik~, _sb_. arsenic, _C3_.--OF. _arsenic_; Lat. _arsenicum_;
Gr. [Greek: arsenikon], yellow orpiment, orig. the masculine, male,
from _[GREEK: arsaen]_, a male.

~Arskes~, _pl_. newts, S2; see ~Ask~.

~Arsmetike~, _sb_. arithmetic, NED; ~arsmetrike~,
C.--OF. _arismetique_: Prov. _arismetica_; Lat. _arithmetica_;
Gr. [Greek: arithmaetikae (technae)], the art of counting.

~Arst~, _adj_. and _adv. superl_. first, G, P; see ~Erst~.

~Art~, _sb_. a quarter of the heaven, point of the compass, NED, S3;
~airt~, NED, JD; ~airth~, NED; ~airtis~, _pl_., S3.--Gael, _ard_;
OIr. _aird_, top, height, point.

~Artou~, art thou, S2; ~artow~, S2, C2, C3. See ~Ert~.

~Arwe~, _sb_. arrow, NED; ~arewe~, S2; ~arwes~, _pl_. S2, C2, P;
~arewis~, W2; ~arowis~, W2.--AS. _arwe_ for _*arhwe_;
cp. Goth. _arhwazna_, arrow, the thing belonging to the bow, from
_*arhw_ = Lat. _arcus_.

~Arwe~, _adj_. cowardly, timid, lazy, sluggish, vile, base, Prompt.;
~are3*~, S; ~arh~, MD; ~ar~3*, NED; ~erewe~, S; ~arewe~,
_sb_. betrayer, enemy, S, MD.--AS. _earg_ (_earh_); Icel. _argr_;
cp. OHG. _arg_ (Otfrid).

~Arwed~, _pp_. made cowardly, PP.

~Ar3*en~, _v_. to be timid, to frighten, NED.

~As~, _sb_. unit, a single bit, a jot, ace, NED, C2; ~ace~, S3; ~ase~,
PP. _Phr_.: ~ambes as~, double aces, C2.--OF. _as_; Lat. _as_.

~Asailen~, _v_. to leap upon, assail, PP; ~assaile~, PP, S;
~assaille~, C2, PP; ~asailid~, _pp_., PP; ~assal3*eit~,
S2.--AF. _assailir_, OF. _asalir_; Late Lat. _adsalire_. (~A-~ 7.)

~A-saken~, _v_. to deny, renounce; ~asoke~, _pt. s_.,
S.--AS. _of-sacan_ (Schmid). (~A-~ 3.)  Cf. ~Of-saken~.

~Asaut~, _sb_. assault, S2; ~assaut~, C, PP.--OF. _asaut_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Ascapie~, _v_. to escape, PP; ~askapie~, PP; ~ascapen~,
PP.--OF. _escaper_ (Picard). Cf. ~Achape~.

~Ascaunce~, _conj_. as though, C3, NED.

~Asche~, _sb_. ash, _cinis_; ~aische~, W, W2; ~aske~, H; ~asken~,
_pl_., S; ~axen~, S; ~asshen~, C2; ~asskess~, S; ~asshes~, C3;
~aschis~, W2; ~askes~, S2, P; ~askis~, H; ~askez~, S2.--AS. _asce_
(_axe_): Icel. _aska_: Goth. _azgo_.

~Ascrien~, _v_. to cry out, NED; ~escrien~, MD.--OF. _escrier_; Late
Lat. _ex_ + _quiritare_, see Diez.

~Ascrive~, _v_. to ascribe, H.--OF. _ascriv_- stem of pr. p. of
_ascrire_: It. _ascrivere_; Lat. _adscribere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Ascry~, _sb_. outcry, S2.

~Asegen~, _v_. to besiege, C.--OF. _asegier_: It. _assediare_
(Florio). (~A-~ 7.)

~Aselen~, _v_. to seal up, to set one's seal to, NED; ~aseele~, W2;
~asselen~, PP, S2.--OF. _anseler, enseler_; Late Lat. _insigillare_,
from _sigillum_, seal. (~A-~ 10.) Cf. ~Ensele~.

~A-senchen~, _v_. to cause to sink, S; ~a-*seynt~, _pp_., MD. (~A-~
I.)

~Asent~, _sb_. assent, S2, PP; ~assent~, C3,
PP.--OF. _as(s)ent_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Aseth~, _sb_. satisfaction, PP, HD; ~aseeth~, W; ~asethe~, Cath., HD;
~assyth~, JD; ~assetz~, PP; ~asseth~, NED, HD.--OF. _aset, asset_;
from Late Lat. _ad satis_. For the final _-t_ in OF. = A3/4 in English,
cp. OF.  _feit_ with ME. _feiA3/4_, faith. Hence our _assets_.  (~A-~ 7.)

~A-setnesse~, _sb_. appointed order, S.--AS.  _Ai-setnis_, institute
(Schmid).

~A-setten~, _v_. to set up, appoint, NED.--AS.  _Ai-settan_. (~A-~ I.)

~Asise~, _sb_. decree, edict, judgment, S2; ~assise~, C, G; ~assises~,
_pl_. assizes, PP.--OF. _as(s)ise_, a sitting down, settlement of
imposts, from _as(s)is_, pp. of _as(s)eeir_, to sit at, to settle;
Lat. _assidere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Asisour~, _sb_. juror, PP; ~acisoure~, PP; ~sisour~, PP; ~sysour~,
PP.

~Ask-~; see ~Asc-~.

~Ask~, _sb_. a newt or eft, a lizard, NED, HD, JD; ~aske~, NED;
~asker~, HD, JD, DG; ~askis~, _pl_., NED; ~arskes~, S2.--AS. _AiA deg.exe_:
OS. _egithassa_; cp. OHG. _egidehsa_ (G. _eidechse_).

~Aske~, _sb_. ash, H; ~askes~, _pl_., S2, P; ~askis~, H; see ~Asche~.

~Aske-baA deg.ie~, _sb_. one who sits among the ashes, S; ~askebathe~, NED.

~Aske-fise~, _sb_. one who blows the ashes, Prompt.; ~askfist~,
NED. Cp. Sw. _askefis_ and G. _aschenfister_ (Grimm).

~Asken~, _v_. to ask, S, S2; ~eskien~, MD; ~aschen~, MD; ~eschen~, MD;
~esse~, MD, S2; ~ocsien~, MD; ~acsien~, MD, S2; ~axien~, MD, S2;
~axen~, S, S2, S3, C2, C3, W, W2; ~escade~, _pt. s_., S; ~easkede~, S;
~haxde~, S; ~esste~, S2.--AS. _Aiscian_: OHG. _eiscA cubedn_ (Otfrid);
cp. G. _heischen_.

~A-slaken~, _v_. to diminish, to become slack, C, NED. (~A-~I.)

~A-slawe~, _pp_. slain, S2; ~asla3*e~, S; ~asla3*en~
S.--AS. _Ai-slagen_, pp. of _Ai-slA(C)an_, see Sievers, 378. (~A-~I.)

~A-slepe~, _adv_. asleep, S, PP.--AS. _on slA|*pe_. (~A-~2)

~A-slepid~, _pp_. gone to sleep, W2.

~A-sonder~, _adv_. asunder, C, C3.--AS. _on sundran_. (~A-~2.)

~A-soylen~, _v_. to absolve, to answer (a question), PP, S2;
~assoile~, S3, C3, P, G; ~asoyly~, NED; ~asoilede~, _pt. s_., S2;
~asoylede~, S2; ~assoylid~, _pp_., W.--OF. _asoiler_, _assoiler_; Late
Lat. _absoluere_ (= Lat. _absolovere_). (~A-~ 8.)

~Aspaltoun~, _sb_. asphalt, S2.--OF. *_aspA ltoun_ ; from Late
Lat. _asphalton_; Gr.[Greek: asphalton]

~Aspect~, _sb_. a term in astrology; the relative positions of the
heavenly bodies as they appear at a given time, NED, SkD, Sh.;
~aspectis~, _pl_., S3.--Lat _aspectus_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Aspert~, _adj_. expert, clever, S3; see ~Apert~.

~Aspie~, _sb_. spy, W, W2; ~aspye~, C3; ~aspy~, S3.--OF. _espie_.

~Aspien~, _v_. to look after, to watch, S2, S3, W,
W2.--OF. _espier_. See ~Espye~.

~Aspiere~, _sb_. spy, W.

~A-spillen~, _v_. to destroy, kill, S. (~A-~I.)

~Aspiyng~, _sb_. ambush, W.

~Aspre~, _adj_. rough, cruel, fierce, NED.--OF. _aspre_;
Lat. _asprum_, rough, harsh.

~Asprely~, _adv_. roughly, fiercely, S3; ~asperliche~, NED.

~A-squint~, _adv_. obliquely, out at the corner of the eyes, S.

~Ass-~; see ~As-~.

~Assay~, _sb_. trial, experiment, an attempt, attack, tested quality,
NED, S2, S3, C2, C3; ~asaie~, W.--AF. _assai_ (_asai_):
It. _assaggio_; Lat. _exagium_, a weighing, from _ex-agere_
(_exigere_), to weigh, prove, to drive out the tongue of the balance.

~Assayen~, _v_. to examine, to attack, S2, S3, C2, P; ~asaien~, W2;
~asayen~, S3; ~assaied~, _pp_., W.--AF. _assayer_ (_asayer_):
It. _assaggiare_.

~Assemble~, _sb_. assembly, P.--OF. _asemblee_.

~Assemblen~, _v_. to bring together, to come together, NED;
~assembled~, _pp_., C3.--OF. _asembler_; Lat. _assimulare_.

~Assiduel~, _adj_. continual, H; ~asseduel~, H.--OF. _assiduel_.

~Assiduelly~, _adv_. continually, H.

~Assoilen~, _v_. to loosen, absolve, explain, PP, S3, C3; see
~Asoylen~.

~AssoAllyng~, _sb_. absolution, acquittal, C.

~Astate~, _sb_. state, estate, S3; see ~Estat~.

~A-sterten~, _v_. to start up, to happen, to escape, NED, S2, S3, C3,
C; ~astart~, S3; ~asterted~, _pt. s_., S2, C3. (~A-~ 1.)

~A-sti3*en~, _v_. to proceed, ascend, descend, MD; ~astighA deg.~,
_pr. s_., S; ~astah~, _pt. s_., S.--AS. _Ai-stA-gan_. (~A-~ 1.)

~Astonen~, _v_. to stupefy, amaze, NED; ~astony~, NED, C2; ~astonyed~,
_pp_., W, PP; ~astoynde~, S3.--OF. _estoner_; Late Lat. *_extonare_,
to stupefy as with a thunderbolt. (~A-~ 9.)

~Astore~, _v_. to repair, to provide, store, NED; ~astorede~,
_pt. s_., S2; ~astored~, _pp_., C; ~astorid~, W2.--AF. _estorer*_,
OF. _estaurer_; Lat. _instaurare_. (~A-~ 10.) Cf. ~Enstore~.

~A-strangeled~, _pp_. suffocated, S2, (~A-~ 6.) See ~Strangelyn~.

~Astronomye~, _sb_. astronomy, PP.--OF. _astronomie_;
Lat. _astronomia_; Gr. [Greek: astronomA-a].

~Astronomyen~, _sb_. astronomer, astrologer, PP; ~astromyenes~,
_pl_. (= Lat. magi), W; ~astrymyanes~, PP.--OF. _astronomien_.

~Asure~, _sb_. azure, NED, C2, C.--OF. _asur_, _azur_; Low
Lat. _lazur_ (_lazulus_); Pers. _lajward_.

~Aswagen~, _v_. to assuage, C2, PP.--AF.  _as_(_s_)_uager_:
Prov. _assuaviar_; from Lat.  _suauis_. (~A-~ 7.)

~A-Swelten~, _v_. to die, S, NED. (~A-~ 1.)

~Aswithe~, _adv_. as quickly as possible, S2, PP; ~asswythe~, S2; see
~Alswithe~.

~A-swowne~, _pp_. as _adv_. aswoon, C2; ~assowe~,
HD.--AS. _ge-swA cubedgen_, see NED (s.v. _aswoon_) and SkD
(s.v. _swoon_]. (~A-~6.)

~A-syde~, _adv_. aside, C2. (~A-~2.)

~At~-, _prefix_ (1), at; ~et~-; ~a~-.--AS. _A|t_-.

~At~-, _prefix_ (2), from, away; ~et-~.--AS.  _A|t-_ for _oA deg._-
proclitic form of *_AA deg._-, away: Goth, _unA3/4a_-; cp. Du. _ont_-,
OIIG. _int_-(G. _ent_-).

~At~, _pron. rel_. and _conj_. that, S2, S3, H, NED; see ~A3/4at~.

~At~, _prep_, at, in, with, from, of, amongst, PP, S, S2, C2; ~et~, S;
~A|t~, S; ~ed~, S; ~at~, _used with the infin. mood_, S2, ~NED~ (vi),
II. _Comb_.:--~atte~, at the, PP, S, S2, C2; ~ate~, S, S2; ~ette~, S;
~eter~, S; ~atten~, S2, PP; ~at-after~, after, C2; ~att-alle~, in
every way, S2; ~at-foren~, before, MD; ~et-foren~, S; ~at-uore~, S2;
~at-om~, at home, S2, PP; ~at-on~, at one, in accord, NED, S; ~at
oon~, G (s.v. _oon_), C2; ~at-ones~, at once, together, PP, C2, C3;
~attonis~, S3; ~attonys~, S3; ~attones~, S3.

~Atache~, _v_. to arrest, indict, S2, PP; ~attache~, PP; ~atteche~,S3,
NED; ~atachet~, _pp_., S2, PP,--AF. _attacher_;
cp. It. _attaccare_. (~A-~7.)

~A-take~, _v_. to overtake, catch, C3, HD, ~NED~. _Phr_.: ~wel atake~,
well caught, NED.  (~A~ 1.)

~Atamen~, _v_. to cut into, broach, open (a vessel), NED, PP, HD;
~attamen~, HD, Prompt., C2.--OF. _atamer_: Prov. (_en_)-_tamenar_;
Lat. _attaminare_. (~A-~7.)

~Atazir~, _sb_. influence (astrological term), S2,
S3. Cp. Sp. _atazir_; Arab. _at-tActhA(R)r, 'al+tActhA(R)r_, influence, see
Steingass, _Arab. Dict_., p. 157, and Dozy's _Glossary_,
s. v. _atacir_.

~At-beren~, _v_. to bear away, NED; ~at-*bar~, _pt. s_.,
HD.--AS. _A|t-beran_. (~At-~2.)

~At-breken~, _v_. to break away, escape, NED. (~At-~2.)

~At-bresten~. _v_. to burst away, escape,
NED.--AS. (_A|t-bA|rstan_. (~At-~2.)

~Ate~, _sb_. eating, S. See ~Eten~.

~Atel~, _adj_. terrible; ~atell~, NED.--AS.  _atol_;
cp. Icel. _atall_.

~Atelich~, _adj_. horrible, S; ~eatelich~, S.--AS. _atelic_.

~Ateliche~, _adv_-horribly, S.--AS. _atelice_.

~Atempre~, _pp_. as _adj_. temperate, H; ~attempre~, C,
HD.--OF. _atemprA(C)_; Lat.  _attemperatus_. (~A-~7.)

~Atemprely~, _adv_. temperately, H, HD.

~A-tenden~, _v_. to set on fire, kindle, MD; ~atend~, _pr. s_.,
S. (~A-~ 2.) Cf. ~Ontenden~.

~At-ewen~, _v_. to show, to appear; ~atewede~, _pt. s_., NED;
~atywede~, S; ~atawed~, _pp_., MD.--AS. _A|t-A(C)awan_ (_A|t-A1/2wan_):
Goth. _at-augjan_, from _augo_, the eye; cp. OHG. _ougen_, to show
(Otfrid). Cf. ~Awnen~. (~At-~ *1?*I.)

~Ateynt~, _pp_. convicted, affected with sorrow, PP; ~atteynt~, S3;
~attaynt~, S3.--OF. _ateint_, pp. of _ateindre_, to attain;
Lat. _attingere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~At-fallen~, _v_. to fall away, NED.--AS.  _A|t-feallan_. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-fleon~, _v_. to flee away, NED; ~atfliA3/4~, _pr. s_.,
S.--AS. _A|t-flA(C)on_. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-fore~, _prep_. before, NED; ~atuore~, S2; ~etforen~, S; ~afore~,
NED.--AS. _A|t-foran_.  (~At-~ 1.) Cf. ~Afore~.

~At-gangen~, _v_. to go away, MD; ~atgo~, MD, NED. (~At-~ 2.)

~Ath~, _sb_. oath, S; see ~Oth~.

~Athamaunte~, _sb_. adamant, C; see ~Adamant~. [Addition]

~Athamant~; see ~Adamant~.

~Athel~, _adj_. and _sb_. of good birth, noble, a lord, NED, S, S2;
~hathel~, NED, S2; ~hathill~, NED; ~hatell~, NED.--AS. _A|A deg.ele_,
_eA deg.ele_: OS. _eA deg.ili_: O. Teut. *_aA3/4alis_, of good family, from
*_aA3/4al_, race, family; cp. OHG. _adal_ (Otfrid).

~AA3/4eling~, _sb_. a member of a noble family, a noble, a prince of the
blood royal, NED; ~eA3/4elyng~, S.

~A-A3/4estrien~, _v_. to darken, S.--AS.  _Ai-A3/4A(C)ostrian_. (~A-~ 1.)

~A-A3/4et~, _conj_. until that, S. See ~Oth~.

~At-holden~, _v_. to withhold, retain, S; ~athA|lde~, S; ~ethalden~, S;
~athalde~, S; ~etholden~, S; ~ethalt~, _pr. s_., S; ~atheold~,
_pt. s_., S; ~atholde~, _pp_., S.--AS. _A cubedA deg.-healdan_. (~At-~ 2.)

~Atiffen~, _v_. to adorn, deck the person, S.--OF. _atiffer_,
cp. _atifer_ (Cotg.) (~A-~ 7.)

~Atisen~, _v_. to stir up, urge, entice, NED ~attyse~, HD; ~attice~,
NED.--OF. _atiser_, to kindle (Bartsch); Late Lat. _attitiare_, from
_ad + titium_ (for _titio_) a brand (Voc.), see Ducange,
s.v. _atticinari_. For the change of _ti_ into soft _s_ as well as
into _ASec._ see Brachet, s.v. _agencer_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Atlien~, _v_. to think, suppose, intend, to direct one's way, to go,
MD; ~attle~, MD; ~attele~, S2; ~etlien~, MD; ~etteleden~, _pt. pl_.,
S2.--Icel. _A|tla_ (_etla_); related to OHG. _ahtA cubedn_, to consider.

~Atlinge~, _sb_. purpose, conjecture, MD; ~etlunge~, S.

~At-reden~, _v_. to outdo in counsel, C, NED. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-rennen~, _v_. to run away, to surpass in running, C, MD;
~att-rann~, _pt. s_., S; ~at-ornde~, NED. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-rinen~, _v_. to touch, to befall, NED; ~att-ryne~,
MD.--AS. _A|t-hrA-nan_. (~At-~ 1.)

~At-routen~, _v_. to rush away, escape, S2; ~at-ruten~, NED. From
AS. _hrAtan_. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-Scheoten~, _v_. to shoot away, MD; ~atschet~, _pt. s_., S;
~atschote~, _pp_. NED. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-Stonden~, _v_. to withstand, S; ~ed-*stonden~, S, NED. (~At-~ 2.)

~At-Stonden~, _v_. to remain, to stop, ~NED~, S2; ~etstonden~, NED;
~atstonde~, _pp_., S.--AS. _A|t-standan_. (~At-~ 1.)

~Att-~; see ~At-~.

~Attame~, _v_. to broach, to cut into, HD, C2; see ~Atamen~.

~Atteir~, _sb_. attire, S3; see ~Atyre~. [Correction]

~Atter~, _sb_. poison, venom, esp. of reptiles, NED, S; ~hatter~,
NED.--AS. _attor_, for *_Aitor, Aitr_, (Voc.); cp. OHG. _eitar, eittar_
(Otfrid).

~Atter-coppe~, _sb_. spider, NED, S; ~attercop~,
HD.--AS. _attor-coppa_.

~Atter-lich~, _adj_. venomous, bitter; ~atterluche~, NED.

~Atter-liche~, _adv_. bitterly, NED.

~Atter-lothe~, _sb_. an antidote to poison, applied spec. to various
plants, NED, Voc., HD.--AS. _attor-lAiA deg.e_.

~Attern~, _adj_. venomous, cruel, HD, NED; ~hatterne~,
NED.--AS. _A|ttern, A|ttren_. See ~Atter~.

~Attice~, _v_. to stir up, NED; see ~Atisen~.

~Attour~, _sb_. array, dress, head-dress, HD; ~atour~, NED; ~aturn~,
S.--OF. _atour, aturn_, from _aturner, atorner_; Lat. _ad + tornare_,
to round off.

~Attri~, _adj_. venomous, S, HD; ~attri3*~, NED; ~wattri~,
S2.--AS. _A|ttrig_. See ~Atter~.

~A-tweyne~, in twain, PP. (~A-~ 2.)

~At-witen~, _v_. to reproach, twit, S.--AS.  _A|t-wA-tan_. (~At-~ 1.)

~At-witen~, _v_. to depart, NED; ~atwot~, _pt. s_., MD. (~At-~ 2.)

~A-two~, in two, S2, C2, C3, PP; ~ato~, S2. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-twynne~, in two, apart, W, G, PP; ~atwinne~, C3; ~atwynny~, W;
~otwinne~, S; ~otwyn~, H. (~A-~ 2.)

~Atyre~, _sb_. equipment, dress, head-dress, PP, Cath.; ~atir~, S2;
~atteir~, S3; ~atyr~, HD.

~Atyren~, _v_. to attire, NED; ~atyred~, _pp_., PP; ~atired~, PP;
~tyred~, S2.--OF.  _atirer_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Aual~, _imp. s_. fell, cause to fall, S; see ~A-fallen~. [Addition]

~Auchtene~, _num_. eighteen, S3; see ~Eightene~.

~Aucte~, _sb_. property, S; see ~Auhte~.

~Auctoritee~, _sb_. authority, C2, C3; ~autorite~, S3; ~auctorite~,
C.--AF. _autorite_, _auctorite_; Lat. _auctoritatem_.

~Auctour~, _sb_. author, C, C2, HD; ~auctor~, S3; ~autour~, S3,
NED.--AF. _autour_; Lat. _auctorem_, from _augere_, to make to grow,
to originate.

~Augrim~, _sb_. arithmetic, S; see ~Algorisme~.

~Auh~, _conj_. but, S; see ~Ac~.

~Auht~, _adj_. worthy, valiant, doughty, NED (s.v. _aught_); ~a3*t~,
S2, MD; ~oht~, S; ~aht~, NED; ~A|ht~, MD.--AS. _Aiwiht_ (_Aiht_).
Cf. ~Ought~.

~Auhte~, _sb_. possessions, NED; ~auht~, S2; ~ahte~, S2; ~eahte~, MD;
~ahhte~, S; ~agte~, S, S (15. 2090); ~eihte~, MD, S; ~echte~, S;
~ehte~, S; ~eyhte~, S; ~aihte~, S; ~ayhte~, S; ~aucte~, S; ~aght~,
S2.--AS. _A|*ht_: Goth. _aihts_. See ~Owen~..

~Auhte~, _pt. s_. ought, S; ~aucte~, owned, S; see ~Owen~. [Addition]

~Aul~, _sb_. an awl; ~aule~, NED; ~owel~, S; ~aules~, _pl_.,
S.--AS. _awel_ (Voc.); cp. OHG.  _ala_ (G. _ahle_).

~Aulf~, _sb_. elf, SkD; ~auph~, SkD; ~awf~, HD; ~ouphe~, Sh.; ~oaf~,
SkD.--Icel. _Ailfr_.  Cf. ~Elf~.

~Aumener~, _sb_. an alms-purse, a purse, NED, HD.--OF. _aumoniere_;
Low Lat. *_almosinaria_ (_bursa_).

~Aumoner~, _sb_. almoner, alms-giver, NED; ~aumonere~, S2, NED;
~aumenere~, HD; ~amner~, HD.--OF. _aumoner_; Church
Lat. *_almosinarius_, from *_alimosina_. See ~Almesse~.

~Aun-~; see ~An-~.

~Auncel~, _sb_. a kind of balance and weight, NED, S2, PP; ~auncer~,
PP; ~auncere~, P, HD.--AF. _auncelle_ for *_launcelle_; Late
Lat. _lancella_ (cp. It. _lancella_), 'a kind of measure,' (Florio);
dim. of Lat. _lanx_ (_lancem_), a plate, a scale of a balance.

~Auncessour~, _sb_. ancestor, NED; ~ancessour~, NED,
HD.--AF. _ancessur_; Lat. _antecessorem_.

~Aunceter~, _sb_. predecessor, ancestor, NED, S2, CM; ~ancestre~, NED;
~auncestre~, NED; ~aunsetters~, _pl_., NED, HD; ~aunceteres~,
HD.--AF. _auncestre, ancestre_; Lat. _ante-cessor_.

~Auncien~, _adj_. old, whilom, ex-; _sb_. an old man, an elder (title
of dignity), a senior member of an Inn of Court, NED; ~auncient~, S3
(25. 136), HD.--AF. _auncien_, OF. _ancien_; Late Lat. _antianum_
(cp. It.  _anziano_), for _ante-anum_, from Lat. _ante_, before.

~Auncre~, _sb_. anchoress, nun, S2; see ~Ancre~.

~Aunder~, _sb_. afternoon, HD; see ~Undern~.

~Aunders-meat~, _sb_. afternoon's collation, Cotg. (s. v. _recinA(C)_),
HD. Cp. Goth. _undaurni-mats_.

~Aungel~, _sb_. angel, messenger, W; ~aunge~, HD; ~aungeles~., _pl_.,
S2, C3; ~aungels~, W2 (Ps. 90. 11).--AF. _angele_. Cf. ~Angel, Engel~.

~Auntour~, _sb_. chance, adventure, S2; ~aunter~, S3. _Comb_.:
~anaunter~, for ~an aunter~, a chance [Correction], S2; see
~Auenture~.

~Auntren~, _v_. to adventure, S3, G, PP.--OF. _aventurer_.

~Auntrous~, _adj_. adventurous, C2, PP.

~Auote~, _adv_. on foot, S2; see ~A-fote~. [Addition]

_Auter_, _sb_. altar, S, S2, C, C2, C3, P, W, W2; ~awter~., S3,
HD.--OF. _auter_, _alter_; Lat. _altare_.

~Autorite~, _sb_. authority, C; see ~Auctoritee~.  [Addition]

~Autour~, _sb_. author, S3; see ~Auctour~. [Correction]

~Au-~ (~Av-~); see ~Af-~

~Auailen~, _v_. to avail, PP; ~auail3*e~, B; ~auaille~, C2, PP, S2;
~auayle~, PP, Prompt.; ~awayled~, _pt. s_., S2.--Cp. OF. _vail(l)e_,
from _valoir_; Lat. _ualere_.

~Aualen~, _v_. to descend, to lower, MD, S2, S3, B; ~availl~,B;
~availed~, _pp_., S3.--OF. _avaler_, from phr. _A  val_; Lat. _ad
uallem_, to the valley. (~A-~ 7.)

~Auarous~; see ~Auerous~.

~Auaunce~, _v_. to advance, NED, S3, C, C3, P; ~awance~, S3;
~avaunset~, _pp_., S2; ~auanced~, S2.--OF. _av[*u?]ancer_.

~Auauncement~, _sb_. advancement, G; ~auancement~, S2.

~Auaunt~, _adv_., and _interj_. forward, away, NED.--AF. _avaunt_,
OF. _avant_; Late Lat. _ab-ante_.

~Avaunt~, _sb_. boast, vaunt, C, NED. See ~Auaunten~.

~Auauntage~, _sb_. superiority, advantage, NED, S3, C; ~auantage~, S2,
C3.--AF. _avantage_, from _avant_, before.

~Avaunten~, _v_. to speak proudly of, to commend, to boast, NED,
W2.--OF. _avanter_; Lat. _ad_ + Late Lat. _vanitare_, to boast. (~A-~
7.)

~Avauntour~, _sb_. boaster, C; ~auaunter~, NED.--OF. _avanteur_. (~A-~
7.)

~Auentaille~, _sb_. the moveable front of a helmet, C2,
HD.--AF. _aventaille_, OF. _esventail_; Late Lat. *_exventaculum_,
airhole. (~A-~ 9.)

~Auente~, _v_ to get air by opening the aventaille, HD, NED.

~Auenture~, _sb_. chance, a chance occurrence, jeopardy, S, S3, C, C3,
G, PP; ~auentur~, S2; ~auntour~, S2; ~aunter~, S3, PP; ~antur~, MD;
~eventour~, HD. _Comb_.: ~an auenture~, lest perchance, PP; ~on
auenture~, in case, PP; ~anaunter~, for ~an aunter~, S2; ~in
auenture~, PP.--AF. _aventure_; Lat. _aduentura_, a thing about to
happen. (~A-~ 7.)

~Auer~, _sb_. property, a beast of burden, HD.--AF. _aver_
(pl. _avers_); OF. _aveir (avoir)_; Lat. _habere_, to have.

~Auere~; see ~Afure~.

~Auerous~, _adj_. greedy, H, HD, CM; ~auerouse~, W, W2, PP; ~auarous~,
S2, PP, NED--OF. _averus_. See ~Auer~.

~Auerylle~, _sb_. April, NED; ~aueril~, S2; ~auerel~,
PP.--OF. _avril_; Lat. _aprilis_, from _aperire_. See ~Apert~.

~A-ulem~ _imp. s_. drive away, S; see ~Aflemen~.

~Auoide~, _v_. to empty, to make of no effect, to make void, to
remove, to move away, retire, to avoid, NED, W; ~auoyde~, W; ~auoyd~,
WW, Sh.; ~auoided~, _pp_., W, W2.--AF. _avolder_; OF., _esvuidier_;
_es_, out +_vuidier_, to empty. (~A-~ 9.)

~Avouter~, _sb_. adulterer, W2; ~avowtere~, Prompt.--OF. _avoutre,
aAutre_; Lat. _adulterum_. For intercalated _v_ see Brachet
(s. v. _corvA(C)e_).

~Avoutrer~, _sb_. adulterer, HD; ~auoutreris~, _pl_., W; ~avowtreris~,
W2.

~Avoutresse~. _sb_. adulteress, W.--OF. _avoutresse_.

~AvoutrAe~, _sb_. adultery, PP, CM, W, HD; ~avoutry~, Cath.;
~avowtrie~, NED, W; ~avowtery~, NED; ~auowtries~, _pl_.,
W.--OF. _avoutrie, aAuterie, aA1/4lterie_; Lat. _adulterium_.

~Auowe~, _sb_. vow, S3, PP, Prompt.; ~auow~, S2, C, C3, G; ~auou~, PP;
~auowis~, _pl_., W, W2.

~Avowen~, _v_. to bind with a vow, NED, W (Acts. 23. 14),
P.--OF. _avoer_; Late Lat. _advotare_, from Lat. _uotum_; from
_uouere_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Avowen~, _v_. to call upon or own as defender, patron, or client, to
avow, acknowledge, NED, S3, C3, PP.--AF. _avower_, OF. _avouer,
avoer_; Lat. _ad-vocare_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Avowry~, _sb_. patronage, a patron saint, NED; ~vorie~,
NED.--AF. _avouerie_, from OF. _avoeor_; Lat. _aduocatorem_.

~Avoy~, _interj_. exclamation of surprise, fear, remonstrance, NED, C,
HD.--OF. _avoi_.

~Auys~, _sb_. opinion, advice, C3; ~avise~, PP.--OF. _avis_.

~Auyse~, _v_. to observe, consider, give advice, S2, C2, C3, H, PP;
~auisen~, PP, S2.--AF. _aviser_; Late Lat. _advisare_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Auysely~, _adv_. advisedly, H; ~auisili~,W.

~Auysement~, _sb_. consideration, C2; ~auisement~, S2.

~Auysyon~, _sb_. vision, S3; ~auision~, C, S2.--OF. _avision_
(Bartsch).

~Aw-~; see ~Au-~. [Addition]

~A-wakenen~, _v. intrans_. to awake, S; ~awakenin~, S; ~awakened~,
_pp_., S.--AS. _on-wA|cnan_. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-wakien~, _v. intrans_. to awake, S; ~awalk~ (_for_ ~awakk?~),
_imp_., S3;~awoik~, _pt_.  _s_., S3; ~awoilk~ (_for_ ~awoikk?~),
S3.--AS.  _awacian_ (for _on-wacian_). (~A-~ 2.)

~Awarien~; see ~Awerien~.

~A-way~, _adv_. on way, onward, along, away(from a place), NED;
~awai~, PP; ~awezz~, S; ~awei~, S; ~ewei~, S2; ~owai~, S2; ~aweye~,
C3, PP; ~away~, _interj_. away, S2, NED.--AS. _aweg, on weg_. (~A-~
2.)

~Awayte~, _v_. to await, watch, S2, S3, PP; ~awaite~, PP; ~awaitie~,
NED.--AF. _awaitier_; OF. _aguaitier_. (~A-~ 7.)

~Awayte~, _sb_. a lying in wait, watching, NED, C.--AF. _await_;
OF. _aguait_.

~Away-ward~, _adv., adj_. turned away, wayward, NED, PP ~awaywarde~
passing away, H.

~Awe~, _sb_. awe, C,C2; ~aze~, NED.--Icel. _agi_
(O.Teut. *_agon_). Cf. ~E3*e~.

~A-wecchen~, _v_. to arouse out of sleep, NED,HD; ~aweihte~, _pt. s_.,
NED; ~a-weightte~, HD; ~aweht~, _pp_., NED.--AS. _Ai-weccan_; cp. OHG,
_ar-wekkan_ (Tatian): Goth. _uswakjan_. (~A- I~.)

~A-weden~, _v_. to become mad, S2, NED.--AS. _Ai-wA(C)dan_. (~A- I~.)

~A-wei~, _interj_. ah woe! alas! S.

~A-welden~, _v_. to control, S, NED,--AS.  _gewealdan_. (~A~-6.)

~A-wenden~, _v_. to go away, NED.--AS.  _Ai-wendan_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-wenden~, _v_. to change to, NED; ~awente~, _pt. s_.,
S.--AS. _on-wendan_. (~A-~ 2.)

~A-werien~, _v_. to curse, S; ~awariede~, _pt. s_.,
S.--AS. _Ai-wergian_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-We3*en~, _v_. to weigh out, NED; ~awiA deg.hst~, 2 _pr. s_.,
S.--AS. _Ai-wegan_. (~A-~ I.)

~A-winnen~, _v_. to win, NED; ~awynne~, S.--AS. _Ai-winnan_. (~A-~ I.)

~Awke~, _adj_. turned the wrong way, sinister, perverse, NED,
Prompt.--Icel. _afugr_.

~Awke-ward~, _adv_. in the wrong direction, NED; ~awkwart~, S3.

~Awnen~, _v_. to show, NED; ~awwnenn~, S.--Related to OHG. _ougen_, to
show (Otfrid); from _ougAi_, eye. See ~At-ewen~.

~A-Wondrien~, _v_. to be astonished, NED; ~awondered~, _pp_.,
S2.--AS. _of-wundrian_. (~A-~ 3.)

~A-wreken~, _v_. to take vengeance, to avenge, NED, S2, P; ~awreke~,
_pp_., S, G, PP; ~awroke~, P.--AS. _Ai-wrecan_. (~A-~ I.)

~Axen~, _sb_. ashes, S. _Comb_.: ~axe-waddle~, an indolent
stay-at-home, HD; see ~Asche~.

~Axen~, _v_. to ask, S, S2, S3, C2, C3, W, W2; ~axien~, S2; see
~Asken~.

~Axer~, _sb_. asker, W. _Phr_.: ~maistirful axer ~(= Lat. _exactor_),
W; ~axere~, W2.

~Axinge~, _sb_. Asking, C3; ~axyngis~, _pl_., W, W2.

~Ay~, _adv_. ever, S, S2, S3, C2, H; ~ai~, S, S2; ~a3*3*~,
S.--Icel. _ei_. Cf. ~O~.

~Ay~, _sb_. egg, G, HD; ~ayren~, _l_., MD; see ~Ey~.

~Ayel~, _sb_. grandfather, forefather, C; ~ayeles~, _pl_.,
PP.--OF. _aA-el,aA-ol_: Pr. _aviol_; Late Lat. _aviolus_, dimin. of
Lat. _auus_; see Brachet.

~Ayen~, _prep., adv_. against, back, S; see ~A3*ein~.

~Ayen-wende~, _v_. to return, S.

~Aynd~, _sb_. breath, B; see ~Onde~. [Addition]

~Aynding~, _sb_. smelling, B; see ~Onding~. [Addition]

~Ayr~, _sb_. oar, B; see ~Ore~. [Addition]

~Ay-where~, _adv_. everywhere, S2, NED; ~aywhere~, H; ~aywhore~, S2;
~aiware~, S; ~aihware~, S; ~aihwer~,
SD.--AS. _A|-g-hwA|r_. Cf. ~O-wher~.

~A-3*efen~, _v_. to give, give up, give back, MD, S; ~a3*euen~, MD;
~a3*iuen~, MD; ~a3*eoue~, S; ~a3*af~ _pt. s_., S; ~a-iauen~, _pl_.,
S.--AS, _Ai-gifan_. ~A-~ I.)

~A-3*ein~, _prep., adv., conj_, opposite to, towards, against, in
return for, again, PP, S, S2, G; ~a3*eyn~, PP, S2; ~a3*en~, PP, S, S2,
G, W, W2; ~agayn~, S2, S3, C2, PP; ~agen~, S; ~ayen~, S; ~ageyn~, S,
S3, C2,PP; ~a3*ain~, S; ~ayeyn~, S, C2; ~a3*ean~, S; ~a3*on~, MD;
~agon~, S; ~a3*ien~, S; ~a3*eo~, S; ~a3*e~, S2; ~aye~, S2; ~igain~,
S2; ~o3*ein~, MD; ~ogain~, MD.--AS. _ongA(C)an_, _ongeagn_, see Sievers,
214, 3. (~A~- 2.)

~A-3*eines~, _prep_, and _conj_, against, contrary to, in return for,
PP, S; ~a3*eynes~, PP; ~a3*enes~, S, S2; ~agenes~, S; ~agA|nes~, S;
~a3*ens~, S2, W, W2, PP; ~a3*eins~, PP; ~a3*eyns~, PP; ~ayeins~, C2;
~ageyns~, S3, C2; ~agayns~, C2, C3, PP; ~igaines~, S2; ~o3*eines~, S;
~oganis~, S2; ~ogaines~, S2; ~ogaynes~, S2; ~onn3*A|ness~, S. (~A~- 2.)

~A-3*eAnst~, _prep_, and _conj_, against, MD; ~a3*eynst~, PP.

~A3*en~, _v_. to have, to be obliged, to owe, S; see ~Owen~.

~A3*en~, _adj_. own, S; see ~Owen~.

~A3*en~, _prep_., _adv_. against, back, S; see ~A3*ein~.

~A3*en-bien~, _v_. to buy back, NED, W2; ~a3*eenbieth~, _pr. s_., S2;
~a3*enboght~, _pt. s_. S2; ~a3*enbou3*t~, W, W2.

~A3*en-biere~, _sb_. redeemer, NED, W, W2.

~A3*en-biyng~, _sb_. redemption, NED, W.

~A3*en-clepe~, _v_. to recall, W, W2.

~A3*en-fi3*tinge~, _pr. p_. fighting against, W.

~A3*en-risyng~, _sb_. resurrection, NED.

~A3*en-seyen~, _v_. to say nay, to contradrict, NED; ~a3*enseie~, W,
W2.

~A3*en-Stonden~, _v_. to withstand, NED, W; ~a3*enstood~, _pt. s_.,
W2.

~A3*en-ward~, _adv_. backward, in reply, over again, NED, W, S3;
~a3*einward~, S2; ~agaynward~, S2, C3.

~A-3*er~, in the year, S2. (~A~- 2.)

~A3*te~, _num_. eight, S2; ~a3*t~, S2; see ~Eighte~.

~A3*t-sum~, _adj_. eight in all, S2.

~Ba~, _adj_. and _conj_. both, S.--AS. _bAi_, both.

~Baar~, _pt. s_. bare, carried, C, W; see ~Beren~.

~Babelen~, _v_. to babble, P.

~Babelyng~, _sb_. babbling, S3.

~Baber-lipped~, _adj_. having thick lips, P, Prompt.

~Babishe~, _adj_. babyish, S3.

~Bacheler~, _sb_. a bachelor, an unmarried man, C, C2; a novice in the
church, or arms, young knight, P.--OF. _bacheler_.

~Bachelerie~, _sb_. state of bachelor, CM, MD; ~bachelrye~, company of
young men, C2.--OF. _bachelerie_.

~Bacin~, _sb_. basin, cymbal, a light helmet, MD; ~bacyn~, helmet,
MD.--OF. _bacin_.

~Bacinet~, _sb_. helmet, MD; ~bacenett~, Prompt.; ~basnetes~, _pl_.,
S3.--OF. _bacinet_.

~Bacoun~, _sb_. bacon, C, PP; ~bacon~, PP.--OF.  _bacon_.

~Bad~, _pt. s_.. prayed, S; see ~Bidden~.

~Bad~, _pt. s_. bade, C2; see ~Beoden~.

~Badde~, _adj_. bad, PP; ~badder~, _comp_. worse, C2.

~Baddeliche~, _adv_. badly, PP, HD.

~Bade~, _pt. s_. remained, S3; see ~Biden~.

~Bagage~, _sb_. dregs, refuse, S3; ~baggage~, ND.

~Baid~, _pt. pl_. remained, S3; see ~Biden~.

~Baie~, _in phr_.: ~to baie~, at bay, S2; see ~Bay~.

~Baili~, _sb_. stewardship, _villicatio_, W; ~baillye~, power of a
bailiff, G.--OF. _bailie_, power.

~Baili~, _sb_. steward, _villicus_, W; ~baillif~, bailiff, C;
~bailliues~, _pl_., bailiffs, P; ~bayllyues~., P.--OF. _baillif_.

~Baill~, _sb_. sorrow, S3; see ~Bale~.

~Bair~, _adj_. bare, S3; see ~Bare~.

~Bairnis~, _sb. pl_. bairns, S3; see ~Barn~.

~Baiten~, _v_. to feed, C2, S3; ~bayte~, S2, C3.--Icel. _beita_.

~Bak~, _sb_. back, PP, C; cloth for the back, cloak, coarse mantle,
C3; ~bac~, S.--AS. _bA|c_.

~Bak-biten~, _v_. to backbite, slander, P.

~Bak-bAtere~, _sb_. backbiter, S.

~Bak-bitynge~, _sb_. backbiting, P.

~Baken~, _v_. to bake, MD; ~boke~, _pt. s_., MD; ~book~, MD; ~baken~,
_pp_., P; ~bakenn~, S; ~bake~, C, C2, P; ~y-baken~, P; ~y-bake~,
P.--AS. _bacan_.

~Bakere~, _sb_. baker, MD; ~bakers~, _pl_., PP.

~Bakestere~, _sb_. baker, P; ~baxter~, NED, P.--AS. _bA|cestre_,
woman-baker (also used of men).

~Bald~; see ~Bold~.

~Balde~, _pt. s_. encouraged, S; see ~Bolden~.

~Bale~, _sb_. sorrow, misfortune, death, S, C3; destruction, S2;
~baill~, S3; ~bales~, _pl_., evils, torments, H; ~balys~,
S3.--AS. _bealu_.

~Bale-drinch~, _sb_. a deadly drink, S.

~Bale-ful~, _adj_. baleful, evil, MD.--AS. _bealoful_

~Bale-fully~, _adv_. miserably; ~balfully~, S2, MD.

~Balene~, _sb_. whale, S2, Voc.--Lat. _balaena_.

~Bali~, _adj_. grievous, S, NED.--AS. _bealu_, baleful: Goth, _balws_
(in compounds).

~Balies~, _sb. pl_. bellies, S2, PP; see ~Bely~.

~Balke~, _sb_. balk, beam, ridge, MD; ~balks~, _pl_. ridges, divisions
of land, S3; ~balkes~, P.--AS. _balca_.

~Balled~, _adj_. bald, C, PP; ~ballede~, S2, PP.

~Baly~; see ~Bely~.

~Ban~, _sb_. bone, S, S2; ~banes~, _pl_., S2; see ~Bon~.

~Band~, _pt. s_. bound, S; see ~Binden~.

~Bane~, _sb_. destruction, death, bane, poison, PP, C; ~bone~,
PP.--AS. _bana_, _bona_.

~Banere~, _sb_. banner, S, PP, Prompt.; ~baner~, S2, C,
PP.--OF. _baniere_.

~Banere~, _sb_. banner-bearer, NED.--OF. _banere_; Low
Lat. _bannator_; from _bannum_, _bandum_, standard.

~Baneur~, _sb_. banner-bearer, S2; see ~Banyour~.

~Bank~, _sb_. a bank, tumulus, PP; ~bonk~, S2; ~bonkis~, _pl_., S3;
~bonkez~, S2.

~Bannen~, _v_. to ban, curse, summon, S2, S3, P; to forbid, prohibit
severely, P; ~bonnen~, MD; ~i-banned~, _pp_., S.

~Bannyng~, _sb_. cursing, H.

~Ban-wort~, _sb_. bone-wort, S3, MD; see ~Bon~.

~Banyour~, _sb_. banner-bearer, MD, S2; ~banyowre~, Prompt.; ~banyer~,
MD; ~baneur~, S2, NED; ~baneoure~, PP.--AF. _baneour_, OF. _baneor_;
Low Lat. _*bannatorem_.

~Baptym~, _sb_. baptism, S2, W; ~baptimys~, _pl_. W.--OF. _baptisme_.

~Bar~, _pt. s_. bare, S, S2, C2; see ~Beren~.

~Barayn~, _adj_. barren, S3; see ~Bareyne~.

~Barbarik~, _sb_. barbarian, W.

~Barbarus~, _sb_. barbarian, W.

~Barberyns~, _sb. pl_. heathen men, W.

~Barbour~, _sb_. barber, C, NED; ~barboure~, Prompt.--AF. _barbour_,
OF. _barbeor_; Late Lat. _barbatorem_.

~Barbre~, _adj_. barbarous, S2, C3.

~Bare~, _sb_. bier, S; see ~Beere~.

~Bare~, _sb_, a wave, billow, NED, S2 (8b. 38); ~beres~, _pl_., NED;
~bieres~, MD; ~beares~, MD.--Icel. _bAira_.

~Bare~, _sb_. boar, S2; see ~Boor~.

~Bare~, _adj_. bare, simple, single, sheer, S, C; ~bair~, bare, worn
alone, S3. _Comb_.: ~baruot~, barefoot, S.

~Bare~, _sb_. the open country, S; naked skin, W.

~Barel~, _sb_. barrel, C2.--OF. _baril_.

~Baren~, _v_. to make bare, uncover, S, MD; ~y-bared~, _pp_.,
S3.--AS. _barian_.

~Baret~, _sb_. deceit, strife, NED; ~barrat~, confusion,
S3.--OF. _barat_, fraud; cp. Icel. _barAitta_, a contest.

~Bareyne~, _adj_. barren, C, C2, PP; ~bareyn~, W2; ~barayn~,
S3.--OF. _baraigne_.

~Bare3*~, _sb_. a barrow-pig, S; see ~Barowe~.

~Bargane~, _sb_. business, strife, combat, S2; ~bargayn~, bargain, PP;
~bargeynes~, _pl_., PP.--OF _bargaine_.

~Barly~, _sb_. barley, MD, PP; ~barlic~, S.

~Barm~, _sb_. bosom, S3, C2; ~berm~, S.--AS. _bearm_.

~Barmkyn~, _sb_. rampart, S3; ~barnekin~, the outermost wall of a
castle, HD; ~barnekynch~, MD.

~Barmkyn-wall~, _sb_. rampart-wall, S3.

~Barn~, _sb_. bairn, child, S, S2, H, PP; ~bern~, S; ~barne~, S3, P;
~bearnes~, _pl_., S; ~bairnis~, S3.--AS. _bearn_.

~Barnage~, _sb_. childhood, S2, MD.

~Barnen~, _v_. to burn, S, S2; see ~Bernen~, ~Brennen~.

~Barnhede~, _sb_. childhood, H, PP.

~Barn-site~, _sb_. sorrow felt for a child, S2,
NED.--Icel. _barn-sAt_.

~Barn-team~, _sb_. offspring, a family of children, MD; ~barntem~,
S2.--AS. _bearn-tA(C)am_.

~Baronage~, _sb_. the men, vassals of a feudal chief, S; assembly of
barons, S2, C3; ~barnage~, MD.--OF. _barnage_, Low Lat. _baronagium_.

~Baroun~, _sb_. baron, lord, PP; ~baronys~, _pl_. PP.--OF. _baron_,
acc. of _bers_, a man, a male.

~Barowe~, _sb_. barrow-pig, MD; ~bare3*~, S, NED.--AS. _bearh_.

~Barrat~, _sb_. confusion, S3; see ~Baret~.

~Barre~, _sb_. bar of a door, C; bar of justice, G, PP; ~barres~,
_pl_., ornament of a girdle, C, PP.--OF. _barre_.

~Barste~, _pt. s_., burst, S2, PP; see ~Bresten~.

~Baselarde~, _sb_. dagger, MD, PP, Prompt.; ~Baslard~,
PP--AF. _baselarde_. OF. _basalart_ (cp. Low
Lat. _bassilardus_). Probably from Late Lat. _badile_, a billhook; see
NED.

~Basnetes~, _sb. pl_., helmets, S3; see ~Bacinet~.

~Bataille~, _sb_. battle, S, PP; ~bataile~, PP; ~batayle~, S2, C, PP;
~batayls~, _pl_. battalions, S3.--OF. _bataille_.

~Bataillen~, _v_. to embattle, fortify, MD; ~batailed~, _pt. s_, PP;
~bataylld~, _pp_. embattled, C.--OF. _bataillier_.

~Baten~, _v_. to bate, abate, grow less, S2, MD; see ~Abaten~.

~Bateren~, _v_. to batter, beat, pat, PP.--OF. _bat-_, stem of
_batre_, with freq. suffix _-er_.

~BaA3/4e~, _adj_. and _conj_. both, S, S2; see ~Bothe~.

~BaA3/4iere~, _sb_. water-pot, S.

~Batte~, _sb_. club, staff, bat, Prompt., Voc.; ~battis~, _pl_.,
W.--OF. _batte_.

~Battill~, _adj_. rich for pasture, S3, JD; ~battle~, HD.

~Baudekyn~, _sb_. a gold-embroidered stuff named from Bagdad, MD;
~bawdekyn~, Prompt.; ~baudkin~, S3.--OF. _baudequin_; Low
Lat. _baldakinus_, from It. _Baldacco_, Bagdad.

~Bauderye~, _sb_. unchastity, foul conversation, MD; pandering, CM;
~bawdry~, S3.

~Bauderyk~, _sb_. baldric, MD; ~bawderyke~, Prompt.; ~bawdryk~, C,
Voc.

~Baudry~, _sb_. baldric, NED.--OF. _baudrei_, _baldrei_.

~Baudy~, _adj_. dirty, C3, P, Palsg.

~Bauld~; see ~Bold~.

~Baundoun~, _sb_. discretion, freewill, power, S2; ~baundon~,
CM.--OF. _bandon_; Low Lat. *_bandonem_, from _bandum_ for _annum_,
public proclamation.

~Bausand~, _adj_. marked with white, NED.--OF. _bausant_;
cp. Prov. _bausan_, It.  _balzano_.

~Bauson~, _sb_. badger, MD; ~bawsone~, Prompt; ~bawsyn~, Voc.;
~bausenez~, _pl_. S2; ~baucynes~, MD. See above.

~Bawd~, _pt. s_. bade, commanded, S3; see ~Beoden~.

~Bawe-lyne~, _sb_. bowline, HD, S2; see ~Bowe-lyne~.

~Baxtere~, _sb_. female baker, PP; see ~Bakestere~.

~Bay~, _sb_. noise made by the united songs of birds, S3; barking of
dogs, MD, HD. _Phr_,: ~to baie~, at bay, S2.--Cp. OF. _abaier_, to
bark.

~Bayard~, _sb_. a bay horse, a horse, P, CM; ~baiardes~, _pl_.,
P. _Phr_.: ~blynde bayardes~, i.e. foolish people, lit. blind horses,
HD, S3, MD, ND.--Cp. Low Lat. _baiardus_.

~Bayn~, _adj_. ready, willing, obedient, fair, pleasant, easy, good,
NED; ~bayne~, Manip.; ~beyn~, Prompt., S3.--Icel. _beinn_.

~Bayne~, _sb_. bath, S3.--OF. _bain_.

~Bayske~, _adj_. bitter, H, MD; ~bask~, MD, HD, JD; ~be3*3*se~,
MD.--Icel. _beiskr_.

~Be-~, _prefix_. See in many cases ~Bi-~ words.

~Beade~; see ~Bidden~.

~Bearnen~;; see ~Bernen~.

~Bearyng in hand~, _sb_. cajolery, S3; see ~Beren~.

~Be-bedden~, _v_. to supply with a bed, S.

~Beche~, _sb_. valley, S; ~bA|ch~, MD; ~bache~, NED.

~Be-chece~, _v_. to choke, stifle, S, NED.

~Bedde~, _sb_. bed, PP.--AS. _bedd_.

~Bedde-Strawe~, _sb_. bed, couch, _stratum_, Voc.; ~bedstre~, W2.

~Bede~, _sb_. prayer, S, H, PP; ~beode~, S; ~beyde~, S3; ~bedes~,
_pl_. S2, S3, P; beads, C; ~beades~, S3.--AS. (_ge_)_bed_.

~Bedel~, _sb_. messenger, herald, crier, beadle, H, P; ~bedeles~,
_pl_. S, H; ~bedelles~, P.--OF. _bedel_;
cp. AS. _bydel_. Cf. ~Budele~.

~Bede-man~, _sb_. beadsman, one who prays for another, P;
~beodemon~. S2, NED; ~beodeman~, PP.

~Beden~, _v_. to command, to offer, S, S2, S3, C2; ~beode~, S2;
~bedden~, S; ~bidden~, S; ~beot~, _pr. s_. S; ~byt~, C; ~bet~, S;
~bead~, _pt. s_., ~bed~, S, S2; ~bawd~, S3; ~bad~, C2, S2; ~boden~,
_pl_. S; ~beden~, S3; ~bode~, S2; ~bede~, _pp_. S2; ~bode~, ~bodun~,
invited, W; ~bodyn~, S2; ~bidde~, C3.--AS. _bA(C)odan_.

Note that many of the above forms are confused with those of the verb
~Bidden~.

~Bede-sang~, _sb_. the singing of the prayers, S, NED.

~Bedred~, _adj_. lying in bed, bedridden, CM, PP; ~bedreden~, S2, P;
~bedrede~, PP.--AS. _bedreda_ and _bedrida_ (Voc.).

~Be-drenchen~, _v_. to drench completely; ~be-dreynt~, _pt. pl_, S3;
_pp_. MD.

~Bed-roll~, _sb_. catalogue, ND. See ~Beyde-roule~.

~Bee~, _sb_. bee, Voc.; ~been~, _pl_. S3, C2, W2; ~beys~, S3
(13. 244); ~bees~, C2.--AS. _bA(C)o_.

~Bee~-; see ~Be~-.

~Beek~, _sb_. beak, C2; ~bec~, S; ~beekis~, _pl_. PP.--OF. _bec_.

~Beem~, _sb_. beam, C, PP; ~beom~, S; ~bem~, MD.--AS. _bA(C)am_, tree,
plank.

~Beere~, _sb_. bier, W, CM, MD; ~beer~, C; ~bare~, S, MD; ~beare~, S3;
~bere~, HD, MD; ~byears~, _pl_. S3.--AS. _bA|*r_; cp. OF. _biere_.

~Beest~, _sb_. beast, C, PP; ~best~, PP, C, S, S2; ~bestes~, _pl_. S,
S2; ~beestes~, S2.--OF.  _beste_; Lat. _bestia_.

~Beestli~, _adj_. animal, W.

~Beeten~, _v_. to beat, W2, CM; ~beten~, S, C; ~bet~, _pr. s_. P;
~bet~, _imp. s_. S2; ~beot~, _pt. s_. P; ~beet~, PP; ~bet~, S3, PP;
~bette~, P; ~beten~, _pl_. S; ~beeten~, W2; ~beten~, _pp_. C2, G;
~bete~, C2; ~betun~, W2; ~y-beten~, C2; ~y-bete~, C; ~y-bette~, P;
~i-beaten~, S; ~ibete~, C.--AS. _bA(C)atan_, pt. _bA(C)ot_, pp. _bA(C)aten_.

~Bege~, _sb_. collar, S; see ~Bei3*~.

~Beggen~, _v_. to beg, PP, C2, Prompt., W (John 9. 8).

~Beggere~, _sb_. beggar, C, PP, W (John 9.8).

~Beggestere~, _sb_. beggar, C, NED.

~Be-grime~, _v_. to smear, daub all over, S3.

~Beild~; see ~Belde~.

~Bei3*~, _sb_. a ring, collar, P; ~by3*e~, PP; ~bege~, collar, S;
~bie~, W2; ~beies~, _pl_. circlets of metal, S; ~bi3*es~, P; ~behes~,
PP.--AS. _bA(C)ah_: Icel. _baugr_.

~Bek~, _sb_. brook, H, Voc., Prompt, MD; ~beckis~,
_pl_. H.--Icel. _bekkr_.

~Bekken~, _v_. to nod, C3; ~beken~, Prompt.; ~beks~, _pr. s_. S3.

~Beknen~, _v_. to beckon, show, S; ~bA-kenen~, W2.--OMerc. _bA(C)cnian_
(VP).

~Bel~, _adj_. beautiful, PP.--OF. _bel_.

~Belamp~; see ~Bilimpen~.

~Belde~, _sb_. protection, shelter, MD, HD; ~beld~, S2; ~beild~, S3,
JD.--AS. _byldo_, boldness, from _beald_. See ~Bold~.

~Belde~, _adj_. big, blustering, S; see ~Bold~.  [Addition]

~Belden~, _v_. to build, S3; see ~Bilden~.

~Beldinge~, _sb_. building, S3.

~Belle~, _sb_. bell, S, C2, PP.--AS. _belle_.

~Bellyche~, _adv_. beautifully. S3, MD. See ~Bel~.

~Belphegor~, _sb_ Baal Peor, H (p. 376).--Lat.  _Belphegor_ (Vulg.).

~Belt~, _pp_. built, S3; see ~Bilden~. [Addition]

~Bely~, _sb_. belly, bellows, MD, P; ~baly~, S3; ~below~, _follis_,
Voc.; ~balies~, _pl_. S2, PP.--AS. _bA|lg_.

~Bely-ioye~, _sb_. belly-joy, appetite, PP.

~Bel3*en~, _v_. to swell, to be angry, MD; ~boll3*henn~, _pp_. MD;
~i-bol3*e~, S.--AS. _belgan_, pt. _bealh_, (pl. _bulgon_),
pp. _bolgen_.

~Bemare~, _sb_. trumpeter, S.--AS. _bA(C)mere_.

~Beme~, _sb_. trumpet, MD, Voc.;: ~bemen~, _pl_. S; ~beemes~, C;
~beamous~, S3.--OMerc.  _bA(C)me_ (VP).

~Bemen~, _v_. to sound a trumpet, S, NED.

~Bemyng~, _sb_. humming of bees, S3, JD.

~Ben~, _v_. to be, PP, S, S2; ~been~, C; ~bien~, ~bienn~, S; ~buen~,
S2; ~beo~, S, S2; ~bi~, S, S2; ~bue~, ~by~, S2; ~beonne~, ~bienne~,
_ger_.  S; ~beoA3/4~, _pr. s_. S; ~beA3/4~, ~buA deg.~, ~byA deg.~, ~biA deg.~, S; ~beis~,
S3; ~bes~, S2; ~beoA3/4~, _pl_. S; ~bieA3/4~, S; ~buA deg.~, S, S2; ~beth~, S2,
S3, C2; ~ben~, W; ~bes~, S2; ~bi~, _pr. s. subj_. S; ~bie~, S
(s.v. _Ibie_); ~beo~, _pl_. S; ~beth~, _imp. pl_. C2, S2, S3; ~byeA3/4~,
S2; ~ben~, _pp_. S; ~been~, C; ~bue~, S2; ~be~, S3, C; ~y-be~, S2;
~iben~, S; ~ibeon~, S; ~ibeo~, S, S2; ~ibe~, S, S2; ~ibi~,
S.--AS. _bA(C)on_.

~Benam~; see ~Binimen~.

~Benche~, _sb_. bench, Prompt., PP.--AS. _benc_.

~Benched~, _pp_. furnished with benches, SD; ~y-benched~, S3.

~Bend~, _sb_. bond, MD; ~bendes~, _pl_. S, G; ~bende~, _dat_. S, S2,
G.--AS. _bend_: Goth.  _bandi_.

~Benden~, _v_. to bend, Prompt., MD; ~bende~, _pt. s_. MD; ~bent~, MD;
~bend~, _pl_. S2; ~y-bent~, _pp_. S3; ~ye-bent~, S3--AS. _bendan_, to
fasten a band or string to a bow.

~Bene~, _sb_. a prayer, S, S2, NED; ~benes~, _pl_. S2.--AS. _bA(C)n_:
OTeut. _bA cubedni-z_, see Sievers, 268.

~Bene~, _adj_. pleasant, S, NED.

~Benefet~, _sb_. benefit, PP, MD; ~bynfet~, PP; ~benfait~, P;
~bienfetes~, _pl_. P.--OF.  _bienfet_; Lat. _benefactum_.

~Bent~, _sb_. coarse grass, small rushes, Manip., Voc., MD,
HD.--Cp. OHG. _binuz_ (G. _binse_).

~Bent~, _sb_. a moor, an open grassy place, NED, S, S3, C. See above.

~Benumde~; see ~Binimen~.

~Beo, BeoA3/4~; see ~Ben~.

~Beo-~, _prefix_; see ~Bi-~ words.

~Beode~, _v_. to pray, S; see ~Bidden~. [Addition]

~Beodele~; see ~Budele~.

~Berd~, _sb_. beard, S, S2, C; ~berde~, P, G; ~berdes~,
_pl_. S3.--AS. _beard_.

~Bere~, _sb_. beer, Prompt.; ~ber~, S, MD.--AS. _bA(C)or_.

~Bere~, _sb_. noise, S,